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128 pages, Kindle Edition
First published January 1, 1991
Part of a series entitled Unforgettable Americans, originally published by Penguin, this the second book by Jean Fritz I've reviewed. If I'd read this one first, I wouldn't have bothered reading the first and neigher should you, or your children!
If you, dear reader, were educated in a time when facts mattered, you will be distressed, and appalled when you read that an "emergency" caused Teddy to sue J.P. Morgan because he'd taken control of "all the northwestern railroad companies." J.P. Morgan took over three of the transcontinental raillroads during the Panic of 1878 when those publicly subsidized railroads defaulted. The man, James J. Hill that whipped the remaining two into shape and cut costs - thus embarrassing the feds - was, along with E.H. Harriman, one of Roosevelt's targets in 1902. Recall that William McKinley refused to sue Northern Securities National Securities, no doubt because Hill's cost cutting kept the railroads running and lowered costs to the consumers! J.P. Morgan was merely an investor in the holding company.
Contrast that with Fritz's version: "Teddy didn't need to look for ways to put his ideas into action. One after another, emergencies arose where he sould step in and assume leadership. When the great financier J.P. Morgan took control of all the northwestern rairoad companies, President Roosevelt instructed his attorney general to file a suit." See Albro Martin, James J. Hill and the Opening of the Northwest(New York: Oxford University Press, 1976) for the full story about why bailouts by the fed are a bad idea. You'll learn why James J. Hill was not a popular guy with the feds.
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What actually happened was that the government claimed, despite no evidence of higher prices, that the formation of such a company formed a "threat" to create a monopoly, and for the first time the government acted on commerce as a potential threat as opposed to actual behavior, violating the "innocent until proven guilty" premise of American law. Merging railroads made economic sense - lower fares for passengers. The Supreme Court did approve the merger of railroads it held as potentially dangerous monopolies, thus reversing itself - in 1955.
U.S. Steel, the nation's first billion dollar corporation, owes its rise to the Sherman Antitrust Act. See Naomi Lamoureaux, The Great Merger Movement in American Business, 1895-1904(Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 1985) and Louis Galambos and Joseph C. Pratt, The Rise of the Corporate Commonwealth: U.S. Business and Public Policy in the Twentieth Century(New York: Basic Books, 1988) You won't find either of those books - or anything in the least critical of Teddy at the Theodore Roosevelt Association.
You won't find a copy of Teddy's January 3, 1913, to Charles B. Davenport, Department of Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, first paragraph:
"Society has no business to permit degenerates to reproduce their kind...Any group of farmers who permitted their best stock not to breed and all the increase come from the worst stock, would be treated as fit inmates for the asylum...Some day we will realize that the prime duty, the inescapable duty of the good citizens of the right type is to leave his or her blood behind him in the world; and that we have no business to permit the perpetuation of citizens of the wrong type. The great problem of civilization is to secure a relative increase of the valuable as opposed with the less valuable or noxious elements of the population...The problem cannot be met unless we give full consideration to the immense influence of heredity...
I wish very much that the wrong people could be prevented entirely from breeding; and when the evil nature of these people is sufficiently flagrant this should be done. Criminals should be sterilized and feebleminded persons forbidden to leave offspring behind them. The emphasis should be laid on getting desirable people to breed..."
Think Davenport was the only eugenicist promoted by Roosevelt? Madison Grant is the only one admired by both Teddy, and Adolf, yes, THAT Adolf. Grant's 1916 The Passing of the Great Race merited a fan letter from Hitler in 1925. You'll love Teddy's glowing review in the February 1917 issue of Scribner's: "The book is a capital book, in purpose, in vision, in grasp of the facts our people most need to realize. It shows a habit of single serious thought on the subject most commanding importance. It shows a fine fearlessness in assailing the popular and mischievous sentimentalities and attractive and corroding falsehoods which few men dare assail. It is the work of an American scholar and gentleman, and all Americans should be sincerely grateful to you for writing it."
Charles Benedict Davenport, from an Abolitionist and Puritan background, is responsible for 60,000 deaths, according to Edwin Black's War Against the Weak: America's Campaign to Create A Master Race, p. 293 Mr. Black convincingly documents the beginning of Europe's Holocaust with Davenport's laboratory on Long Island.
Lyman Beecher and Charles Davenport, both puritan and abolitionist, and fascist avant l'heure are unforgettable - infamously so. Oddly, enough, the asthmatic, puny, and weak-eyed Teddy fit Davenport and Grant's criteria for extermination - if one is thinking strictly in terms of animal husbandry. Plainly, they were not.
Fritz does a grave disservice to her young readers in ignoring the evil produced by the philosophy Roosevelt promoted. Shame on her and shame on anyone who gave this book a positive review. If failure to remember the past means we are bound to repeat it, another Holocaust awaits.