PART SUNNA AND SHI'A IN THE AGE OF MUSLIM EMPIRES Responses to Unwanted Authority in Early Models for Current Shi'i and Sunni Activists; J.Lassner Early Hanbalism and the Shi'a; N.Hurvitz The Confrontation Between Sunni and Shi`i Ottoman-Safavid Relations Between the Fourteenth and the Seventeenth Century; M.Scherberger Encounters between Shi'i and Sunni 'ulama' in Ottoman Iraq; M.Litvak The Ottoman Dilemma in Handling the Shi'i Challenge in Nineteenth-Century Iraq; I.S.Üstün PART SUNNIS AND SHI'IS AND THE MODERN STATES Religious Extremism and Ecumenical Tendencies in Modern Iraqi Shi'ism; A.Baram Quietists Turned the Shi'i Revolution in Iraq; O.Bengio The Sunni-Shi'i Struggle over a New Chapter in the History of Lebanon; E.Zisser The Wahhabiya and Shi'ism, from 1744/45 to 2008; G.Steinberg Unity or Hegemony? Iranian Attitudes to the Sunni-Shi'i Divide; Z.Maghen Debating the 'awakening shi'a': Sunni Perceptions of the Iranian Revolution; M.Hatina Interesting Egypt and Shi'ism at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century; R.Brunner The Sunni-Shi'i Paradox