The Jewish Bible is an encounter between past and present, moment and eternity. This collection of biblical commentaries explores these intersections as they relate to universal concerns of freedom, love, responsibility, identity and destiny.
Rabbi Lord Jonathan Henry Sacks was the Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth. His Hebrew name was Yaakov Zvi.
Serving as the chief rabbi in the United Kingdom from 1991 to 2013, Sacks gained fame both in the secular world and in Jewish circles. He was a sought-after voice on issues of war and peace, religious fundamentalism, ethics, and the relationship between science and religion, among other topics. Sacks wrote more than 20 books.
Rabbi Sacks died November 2020 after a short bout with cancer. He was 72.
A fantastic companion for any parashah study from a wonderful Jewish teacher, one of the best of our age, the late Rabbi Sacks.
Sacks provides a handful of essays for each weekly Torah reading. The essays are short and easy to take in, while also being full of deep Jewish wisdom and insight. Well-written and beautifully able to provoke thought, these ideas are the perfect balance of ancient Jewish wisdom and tradition, along with great textual examination and relevant critical thinking for our own context.
I look forward to the other books that will lead me through the rest of the Humash in this Covenant and Conversation series.
Each week, synagogues around the world read a section from the Torah (the five books of Moses). The cycle begins with Genesis and ends with the last verses of Deuteronomy 12 months later. The Covenant & Conversation series has essays commenting on each of the weekly readings.
These essays are by Rabbi Jonathan Sacks who was the Chief Rabbi of the U.K. for some 20 years. I'd read his editorials occasionally in the Wall Street Journal and always found them insightful, inspirational, and down to earth. When I discovered he'd done this series I began at the beginning with Genesis. What I found was a work of genius.
These essays have the same easy style I remembered while giving indepth, brilliant, compassionate commentary that often surprised me and sometimes changed my whole perspective on a Biblical person or their actions. Sacks is good at comparing ancient and modern worldviews. This not only clarifies Biblical context but often shows just how different our current ideas are. These are stories about people and Sacks never forgets that. He looks at what Torah is showing us that is the same not only in those ancient times, but in our own lives. After all, the word of God is eternal, applying to all time and all people.
I learned new ways of looking deeper at familiar stories such as when Isaac is tricked into giving his blessing to Jacob instead of Esau. I found deeper sympathy and new insights into lesser characters. Who knew Tamar was not only crafty but also tactful? Or that Judah's encounter with Tamar led to a life-changing realization that helped him pass Joseph's test when the brothers all go to Egypt seeking grain? I already loved Tamar but now I have more sympathy and admiration for Judah's growth.
There is much here that resonates with the Catholic soul, simply because the Jews are our elder brothers in the faith. However, a Christian reading these essays will be sharply reminded that there is a Jewish way of thinking about the first five books of the Bible, and, indeed, about God and worship, which is particular to the Jewish people. That is a real cultural wake up call and one that I found sometimes jerking me to the realization that this is different. The thinking, the response to God and His call, the way of dealing with other people — it can be very different, while still being anchored in our common knowledge of the one, personal God.
A quick example is that I was surprised by the Jewish custom of reading Torah every year. Just like us! No, I realized. We're just like them. The first Christians were Jewish and I am well used to finding parts of Catholic liturgy that reflect they were patterned after those Christians' original faith. That was an easy mental adjustment, one that left me happy at another proof of our family ties.
Here are a few of the themes emphasized as being core parts of Judaism, which surprised me.
- Love of words and language, both as forms of worship and of what make us human. -Treasuring children. "Ours is a supremely child-centered faith" says Sacks. -God making space so that people can exercise free will and make mistakes. -The importance of the land God gave them, of Israel. -The Torah is meant to be heard, not read silently. "Judaism is supremely a religion of the ear, unlike all other ancient civilizations..." says Sacks. -The necessity of the struggle to do God's will and of going one step more than we are asked.
These might seem like no brainers, reading this list. It's not that Catholicism doesn't have these elements but they don't define us the way that Sacks made clear they define the Jewish people. I found myself understanding a little better their pride at their indestructibility, the ancientness of their faith, and their role as God's chosen people.
There is a fair amount of midrash considered throughout. Midrash is textual study and interpretation of scripture that uses questions, examines what is left unsaid, and fills in with their own stories to form a running commentary. I'm not crazy about midrash as it can range far afield sometimes. I'm not Jewish so perhaps that is understandable. Sacks sometimes includes midrash in order to keep following the logical train of thought and sometimes so that he can introduce a different interpretation.
Quibbles about midrash aside, this is a work of genius. Highly recommended.
This has been such a nourishing project and one that I am sad to have finished. I started reading this series last year with Exodus and now I have come full circle. Genesis is the greatest of all story books and Rabbi Sacks does an amazing job of highlighting the recurring these of our forefathers and -mothers. Sibling rivalry, breaking with one's parents, achieving peoplehood and yearning for self-determination. This book culminates in the story of Joseph. Envied by his brothers and sold into slavery, Joseph's journey is deeply cinematic with a thrilling and unbelievable denouement. In the end the lesson is humility and forgiveness. I think we can all stand to learn more about that.
I would give this book more stars if I could. I am now going back through it and re-reading underlined and high lighted parts. There is such richness and depth i want to absorb. So good.
'Genesis, boek van het begin' is een boek waar ik veel van heb geleerd. Auteur Jonathan Sacks gaat in dit boek in op de personages uit het bijbelboek Genesis. Er worden veel mooie verbanden gelegd en verder valt op dat taal een prominente plaats heeft in de Thora.
Jonathan Sacks was opperrabbijn van Groot-Brittannië. In dit boek deelt hij zijn buitengewoon grote kennis over de joodse Tora. Hij legt uit, licht toe en verrast met overtuigende verbanden en analyses. Het prachtige eerste Bijbelboek krijgt hierdoor nog meer diepte en glans.
Beautiful essays going through all the parashot of Genesis, the sort of book that is worth reading out loud to others, or slowly and quietly to yourself. I underlined a lot and enjoyed it immensely. There are a lot of theologians out there who have things to say that are good and true, but not very many who can say it beautifully. This one certainly manages to do that. I already bought the Exodus one. On the shelf with A.J. Heschel, G.K. Chesterton, and C.S. Lewis.
"Geloof is het vermogen om te leven met uitstel zonder het vertrouwen in de belofte te verliezen; om teleurstelling te ondergaan zonder de hoop kwijt te raken; om te weten dat het een lange weg is van ideaal naar werkelijkheid maar toch besluiten op weg te gaan."
Met Genesis: Boek van het begin (2020, Nederlandse vertaling) ben ik begonnen aan de reeks Verbond en dialoog: Joodse lezing van de Tora van opperrabbijn Jonathan Sacks (1948–2020), een groot denker en Joodse geleerde. Ook van Exodus, Leviticus, Numeri en Deuteronomium zijn de uitgaven in een zeer goed verzorgde Nederlandse vertaling verschenen bij Skandalon. Strikt genomen betreft het geen vers-voor-vers-commentaar; Sacks volgt het schema van de parasjat hasjavoea – de wekelijkse Toralezing in de synagoge – en wijdt per parasja telkens vier essays aan de tekst.
In deze essays staat de Tora-tekst centraal, hier: Genesis, maar Sacks verbindt het verhaal met de Joodse uitlegtraditie én met de filosofie (Sacks studeerde filosofie in o.a. Cambridge), de actualiteit en de menselijke ervaring. Over de parasja-lezing schrijft hij dat ze het Joodse bewustzijn vormt en ons “het unieke gevoel [verschaft] dat we een verhaal leven” (p. 10). De Tora geeft richting aan het leven: zij is “een commentaar op het leven,” maar ook “het leven is een commentaar op de Tora” (p. 10). De relatie werkt dus in twee richtingen. De essays vormen spiegels van Sacks’ persoonlijke omgang met de Tora. Zijn doel is om, naast de toelichting op de parasjat, de verhalen te plaatsen binnen het geheel van denkbeelden.
Sacks stelt dat Genesis noch mythe is, noch geschiedenis, noch pure theologie. Wat dan wel? “In feite is Genesis een filosofie die doelbewust op een niet-filosofische manier is geschreven” (p. 14). Fundamentele filosofische vragen – over zijn (ontologie) en moraal (ethiek) bijvoorbeeld – worden behandeld, maar niet via een logisch systeem zoals in de klassieke filosofie, maar via het medium van het verhaal: “waarheid als verhaal” in plaats van “waarheid als systeem” (p. 14). Genesis is daarmee een filosofisch boek in verhalende vorm. Interessant is Sacks’ observatie dat Genesis, het boek over een familie, voorafgaat aan Exodus, het boek over een volk: het persoonlijke gaat aan het politieke vooraf.
Wat dit boek en deze serie bijzonder maakt, is Sacks' scherpzinnige aandacht voor zowel de kleinste details van de tekst als de grote verhaallijnen. Een mooi voorbeeld van het laatste is het essay “Een drama in vier bedrijven” (parasja Noach), waarin hij vier vormen van verantwoordelijkheid bespreekt: persoonlijke, morele, collectieve en ontologische. Adam en Eva ontkennen hun persoonlijke verantwoordelijkheid. Kaïn erkent deze wel, maar ontkent zijn morele verantwoordelijkheid (“Ben ik mijn broeders hoeder?”). Noach neemt zijn collectieve verantwoordelijkheid niet – hij redt slechts zijn eigen gezin. En Babel faalt als het om ontologische verantwoordelijkheid gaat. Sacks koppelt dit boeiend aan het proces van volwassenwording: “Het toont de volwassenwording van de mensheid als echo van de volwassenwording van het individu,” en verbindt dit vervolgens met de ontwikkelingspsychologie van Jean Piaget, Erik Erikson en anderen (p. 61), zonder dit overigens tot in detail uit te werken; Sacks schrijft compact en to the point. In een later essay (parasja Lech Lecha) wijst hij erop dat Abraham juist wel verantwoordelijkheid neemt in alle vier domeinen (p. 65). Het is een kunst hoe de opperrabbijn vier vormen van verantwoordelijkheid uit de tekst haalt, deze toelicht en verbindt met hedendaagse inzichten over menselijke ontwikkeling.
Een ander sterk essay behandelt de discussie tussen Abraham en God over de vernietiging van Sodom (Genesis 18; parasja Wajera). Sacks noemt dit “de geboorte van een van de belangrijkste joodse tradities: de discussie met de hemel, omwille van de hemel, de verbondsdialoog tussen God en mens in naam van de rechtvaardigheid” (p. 93). De Talmoed spreekt in dit verband over choetspa kelapee sjemaja – “onverschrokkenheid tegenover de hemel” (Sanhedrin 105a; p. 94). Niet de vrijmoedigheid van Abraham begint de dialoog, stelt Sacks, maar Gods uitnodiging: Hij wil dat Abraham rechtvaardig [tzedek] en rechtmatig [misjpat] handelt (Gen. 18:19). Abraham grijpt deze woorden aan in zijn pleidooi. Zo is het niet de mens die God uitdaagt, maar God die de mens uitdaagt, namelijk om recht te doen.
Ook op exegetisch vlak verrast Sacks regelmatig met originele inzichten. Zo biedt hij een genuanceerder beeld van personages als Ismaël en Esau dan vaak wordt aangenomen. In het essay “Worstelen van aangezicht tot aangezicht” (parasja Wajislach) analyseert hij de zegen die Jakob ontving en uiteindelijk aan Esau teruggeeft. Jakob stuurt Esau geschenken en schenkt hem rijkdom en macht – precies de elementen uit de zegen die hij eerder had verkregen. Sacks concludeert: “Hij maakt dat helemaal duidelijk met de woorden ‘Neem toch [niet alleen mijn geschenken, maar ook] mijn zegen aan.’ Hij weet nu dat de zegen die hij Esau ontnam nooit voor hem bedoeld was, en hij geeft hem terug” (p. 194). Deze handeling verbindt Sacks met Jakobs worsteling in de nacht: een existentiële strijd waarin Jakob leert dat hij niet Esau is, maar Israël – hij die met God worstelt en niet opgeeft (p. 196). Niet alleen de inhoud, maar ook de manier waarop Sacks dit inzicht aanreikt, is schitterend.
Naast deze scherpzinnige exegese bevat Genesis ook waardevolle theologische reflecties. Bijvoorbeeld over de namen van God: Elohim als God in de schepping, Hasjeem staat voor God in de openbaring (p. 247). Dit onderscheid verbindt Sacks met het universele en het particuliere binnen het jodendom. Ook zijn er drie wijzen waarop de mens God kent, namelijk via “schepping (God in de natuur), openbaring (God in de heilige woorden) en bevrijding (God in de geschiedenis)” (p. 167). Hier en daar klinken dergelijke theologische reflecties door, terwijl de aandacht gericht blijft op de wekelijkse parasjat.
Genesis van Jonathan Sacks is een indrukwekkend boek dat zeker vijf sterren verdient! Voor wie niet vertrouwd is met het Joodse leesschema is het verhelderend om het boek Genesis via de 12 parasjat te doorlopen, in plaats van hoofdstuk voor hoofdstuk. De essays zijn inhoudelijk rijk, getuigen van aandacht voor detail én een scherp oog voor de grote lijnen. Sacks blijft geworteld in de Joodse traditie, maar zoekt actief en tegelijkertijd kritisch de dialoog met andere denkwijzen. De tekst van de Tora roept: “Leg mij uit!” (p. 293) – en Jonathan Sacks beantwoordt die roep op sublieme wijze.
Zijn essays bevatten diepzinnige inzichten, die steeds ingebed zijn in menselijke ervaringen van een familiegeschiedenis – met thema’s als verantwoordelijkheid, conflict en verzoening. Juist omdat het boek zulke fundamentele existentiële vragen aan de orde stelt, is het ook toegankelijk en betekenisvol voor niet-joodse of zelfs niet-religieuze lezers. Het biedt een diepzinnige kennismaking met de “filosofie” van Genesis, waarin de moderne lezer - gelovig, niet-gelovig of een beetje gelovig - nog heel veel kan leren van figuren als Abraham, Isaak, Jakob en de zonen van Israël.
This is the first of a series of five books in which Rabbi Jonathan Sacks spends time in each of the Mosaic books. This one addresses the book of Genesis in a series of thought-provoking essays. Sacks is well read in the rabbinic tradition and is quick to share quotes from older authors, like Maimonides as well as more modern writings.
I feel like his writing on the patriarchs is very insightful and helpful to understanding these ancient Scriptures. I am coming from a Christian background, but I find that the truths of this book are meaningful to me. These are not devotionals, not little stories that you read and give you some encouragement to get through the day, rather these are deep, introspective dives into the thought processes of the ancients and why they said what they said.
I love some of these -- Sacks' essay on the "Absence of I" and how we find God there, his analysis of the (strange) story of Judah and Tamar, and his description of Joseph leading his brothers through the steps of Teshuva all speak to me in different ways. Not all of the essays are wonderful, but all lead the mind in paths that I wouldn't necessarily have thought of when I initially read the passages.
Certain characters, like Esau, come off better than I would have thought. Esau may have behaved badly, but he wasn't a bad man, and he was blessed in the end, although not in the way he desired.
Towards the end of the book, he talks about Joseph in Egypt and how he seems to have become culturally assimilated, as evidenced by his name for Manasseh. Rabbi Sacks shares that for Jews the greatest challenges have come when society around accepts them. As long as they are persecuted and not accepted, their connections with their faith remain strong, but with prosperity and acceptance comes a strong pull to assimilation.
I will leave it there. This is not a commentary. Rabbi Sacks does not break down Genesis verse by verses or word by word. There are stories that are passed over, characters that aren't mentioned, but when Rabbi Sacks speaks, it is with a voice that directs the attention towards the divine. As he says, "The broken heart lets in the light of God, and becomes the gate of heaven."
This book made Genesis come to life in a new way. The stories we are familiar with--the creation, the flood, the Tower of Babel, the birth of a nation through Abraham, and the stories of Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph, read through the Jewish lens challenged me in many different ways. One of the things I especially loved about this book is the connection the author makes between the ancient writings and current world views. I was especially struck by the concept of all of humanity created in the Image of God. For me, this makes me evaluate the Christian viewpoint of being born "bad" and not "good". I was also challenged to look at time in a different way--not linear but rather as covenantal and to recognize the providence of God at work even when we have been given free choice. As a person who has always loved reading the stories of the Old Testament and especially Genesis, this book was a breath of new life.
Sacks delivers as you are used to him doing it. He obviously writes for a certain audience and within his usual topics. However this is not so much meant as criticism than rather reassuring. I like his existential, personal take on them hebrew bible and while he presents mostly well-known interpretations, the presentation is clear and thoughtfull. The only criticism I have (not considering that I'm not jewish anyway) is his repeated overgeneralizations but I guess that comes with it and his age. Recommended read for everyone who wants to read the hebrew bible in a systematic and intelligently commented manner.
This is a brilliant discussion of the book of Genesis written from the point of view of Orthodox Jewish thinking. It is highly useful for Christian theologians and biblical scholars. Rabbi Sacks reveals himself to be deeply read in many other fields of thought that he brings to his writing and I appreciate these insights.
Rabbi Sacks has given us a real gift with this series. Thoughtful and sensitive, yet direct, his essays bring light and understanding to the scriptures. I have repeatedly stopped, and reread his words to fully understand his meaning and have been rewarded for it.
Granted me a better, deeper understanding of why such a small scattered group of society for thousands of years, who have been borrowed from, stolen from, even hated enough to try and annihilate, having this type of leadership (such as this author) endure because of their hope.
As a Christian, I found Jewish insights into the Torah really enlightening and helpful. Johnathon takes familiar stories and breathes new life and meaning into them while also taking practical lessons for everyday life. It’s super readable for the layperson without sacrificing depth. One of the best commentaries/companions I’ve ever read, period.
Prachtige, zinvolle lezing van Genesis door Jonathan Sacks, opperrabijn van Groot-Brittannië. Hij toont hoe fundamenteel dit Bijbelse boek is, niet alleen voor de joodse religie, maar voor elk van ons als mens. Hij toont hoe antropologisch de Bijbelse teksten eigenlijk zijn en hoe actueel ze altijd zullen blijven.
Rabbi Sack's books are renowned for a new form of Commentary, and this is clear. Each week, as we go through the Torah, Rabbi Sacks offers various essays on the themes we see each week. With Bereishit (Genesis), we see it in the telling of the Patriarchs, from creation through to our arrival in Egypt.
Rabbi Sacks offers an illuminating collection of essays on the major sections of Genesis. Written, of course, from a Jewish perspective, these essays offer reflections of great value to those of us who are Christian as well.
This book was enlightening, thought provoking, and challenging the understanding of my current view of biblical history. It raises questions I never thought about that challenges my current understanding and provides a new perspective to consider. I love these books be Rabbi Sacks! Absolutely life changing!
A guide on ethics and deeper understanding to the first book of Moses. One does not need to be religious to appreciate his insight and deeper understanding from one of the most read books in history.
This collection of essays about the book of Genesis provides deep insight into Bereshit, the first book of the Torah. Sacks’ writing style is entirely graspable and easy to understand. Highly recommend for Jews and Christians alike, who want to understand the first book of the Torah.
Increible. Profundo. Sacks simpatiza un como con el egalitarianismo, la justicia social, el aborto (este me sorprendió), etc. Aunque muy conservador y bíblico, hay cierto toque progresista y secularista en su pensamiento
I very much enjoying reading about the weekly parsha, and Rabbi Sacks, zt"l, is incredible. Intellectual, but still highly readable, and drawing from both Jewish and secular sources, Rabbi Sacks identifies the themes as well as what we learn from the experiences of our forefathers and foremothers.
Excellent book about one of my favorite Biblebooks: Genesis. The way Sacks handles psychology, Jewish tradition and freshly reading the sacred texts is very inspiring. Recommended book!
Absolutely incredible book. Worth reading for someone who wants to change his mind on the stories he knows from a childhood. Or to uncover God from another side.