Introduction Why study data communication?, Data communication, Networks, Protocols and standards, Standards organizations. Basic Concepts Line configuration, Topology, Transmission modes, Categories of networks internet works. The OSI Model The model, Functions of the layers, TCP/IP protocol suites. Signals Analog and digital, Periodic and aperiodic signals, Analog signals, Time and frequency domains, Composite signals, Digital signals. Encoding and Modulation Digital to digital conversion, Analog to digital conversion, Digital to analog conversion, Analog to analog conversion. Transmission of Digital Data Digital data transmission, DTE-DCE interface, Modems, 56 K modems, Cable modems. Transmission Media Guided media, Unguided media, Transmission impairments, Performance wavelength, Shannon capacity, Media comparison, PSTN, Switching. Multiplexing Many to one/one to many, Frequency division multiplexing, Wage division multiplexing, Time division multiplexing, Multiplexing applications. Error Correction and Detection Types of errors, Detection, Parity check, Vertical redundancy check, Longitudinal redundancy check, Cyclic redundancy check, Checksum, Error correction. Local Area Networks 802, Ethernet, Other ethernet networks, Token bus, Token ring FDDI. Networking and Internetworking Devices Repeaters, Hub, Bridges, Switches, Routers, Gateways, Brouters, Routing algorithms, Distance vector routing, Link state routing. Upper OSI Layers Duties of transport layer, Duties of session layer, Duties of presentation layer, Duties of application layer.