Grand spécialiste de Gobineau et des utopistes du XIXe, Jean Gaulmier donne au texte célèbre de Breton (ici publié intégralement) un très substanciel commentaire qui est à la fois un passionnant essai sur Fourier et l'histoire du fouriérisme.
After World War I, French poet and literary theorist André Breton began to link at first with Dadaism but broke with that movement to write the first manifesto of surrealism in 1924.
People best know this theorist as the principal founder. His writings include the Surrealist Manifesto (Manifeste du surréalisme), in which he defined this "pure psychic automatism."
There was a time when I had a great interest in Surrealism. I still love the paintings. But the more I studied it, the more Breton's version of Surrealism in relation to dada seemed like what Stalin was to the Russian revolution or what Stewart Home has become to neoism - too authoritarian, too self-serving, too power-hungry & manipulative. After all, Queneau, a favorite writer, became quickly disillusioned w/ that scene, Artaud was expelled.. it all seems so dogmatic. To make matters worse, I've read a fair amt of Breton & find most of it "wooden", as the expression goes - of course, that cd be bad translations. For me, the best surrealist writer was Raymond Roussell - & he wasn't a surrealist! Anyway, to give Breton his due credit, he's the one who exposed me to Fourier - the utopian philosopher who Alfred Jarry was also interested in. I have a tattoo on the small of my back of Fourier's archibras.