This edition of Fantoches, originally from 1932, was re-issued and commented by the author in 1972---after the author had written all of his works, in his late years in life. By commented, I mean annotated, drafted, drawn, illustrated, criticized, ironized, and destroyed. This experience of reading two strikingly different versions of Érico Veríssimo fighting with each other could already warrant the 5-star review. But what truly solidifies this book to me is the wild presence of metafiction (or meta-drama?) that anticipate's Erico's worries about the literary production.
Many of the stories are small pieces of drama, owning to dramaturgy such as Ibsen and Bernard Shaw that Erico admits to have read prior to writing Fantoches. Many of the characters in these "small plays" become self-aware. In a story, where the woman, her husband, and her lover are supposed to reach a dramatic ending, the characters revolt against the author and call him to the stage to change the ending---thematically, "creatures vs creator" is not present in the remainder of Erico's work, perhaps as the author lets go of the idea that he as a writer truly creates characters but rather lends them a voice. Critics and the audience are also characters, as is this "author" himself. This to me complicates the idea of whether Fantoches classifies as auto fiction or metafiction, in a way that B.S. Johnson's novel Albert Angelo (published 30 years after Fantoches) has made me do it. In some stories, the author admits to have used different names to publish say poems or dramas---a few names that Erico himself has used in Revista Globo. Adding that to the fact that Erico from Fantoches is a different Erico of the later novels he wrote, I began to think of Erico as, similar to Fernando Pessoa, a writer capable of creating heteronyms, multiple literary personalities.
Fantoches was Erico's first work, but it definitely should not be read chronologically. It is a book, especially on its commented version, that takes on a much broader significance after the reader is familiar with the author's work. In several points we see themes that would become more important later on, and even references by the annotator to other novels. In a commentary, for example, the 1972 annotator Erico "classifies" his own literary work as female, male, and hermaphrodit works---something that could only make sense if the reader has knowledge of works from those three groups. Essential works, in my view, to be read before Fantoches are Clarissa, Caminhos Cruzados, O Tempo e O Vento, and Incidente em Antares. The first two, as some of Erico's first novels, will strike the reader as to just how important the shift from "puppets" to "people" was, and how the authors political vision was present in them in contrast to Fantoches. After reading Fantoches, those novels take on a different interpretation.
Finally, the "other stories" included in this edition are a joy to read. I don't think they are what makes this book essential to a Verissimo reader, but definitely don't skip them. Maybe there is even a broader argument to be made about how this third Erico (the late-life contista) talks to the author of Fantoches and the annotator of Fantoches, but I will leave that for another time.