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二刻拍案惊奇
[明]凌濛初
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"二拍"的部分作品具有积极意义。首先是有些作品反映了明代市民生活和他们的思想意识。《转运汉遇巧洞庭红》写商人泛海经商事。主人翁文若虚,在国内经商破产,一次偶然和一些商人出海经商,他因没有本钱,只好带了只值一两多银子的洞庭红,不料到了海外,竟卖了八百多两银子。回来的路上,在过一荒岛时又拣到了个珍宝,因此大发横财,成了一大富商。联系明中叶后商人要求开放"海禁"的历史背景,就能看出,小说反映了当时商人们追求钱财的强烈欲望。《叠居奇程客得助》写徽州商人程宰因经商失败,"怕归来受人笑话"而流落关外,后来为海神所垂爱,得其指点,先后通过囤积药材、丝绸和粗布发了横财。海神的"人弃我堪取,奇赢自可居"的指点,表现了商人的精神世界和经营准则。在《乌将军一饭必酬》中,王生两次贩物被劫,使他对出外经商,失去信心,他的婶母一再鼓励他:"不可因此两番,坠了家传行业。"这些十分重视商业的描写,在以往作品中实属少见,这是明中叶后商品经济活跃,市民意识进一步发展的反映
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First published January 1, 1632
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[明]凌濛初
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