1. Introduction 2. Counter Setting the Framework 3. Radicalization in a Western The Case of Australia 4. Counter Radicalization and Deradicalization in a Western The Case of Australia 5. From Toleration to Violent Islam 6. Crisis of Identity, Shared Values and Religious Rehabilitation 7. Deradicalization and Counter Radicalization in a Radicalizing Environment 8. From Militarization to The Transformation of Turkey's Counter Terrorism Strategy 9. Conclusion and Some Remarks