Another novel by the Portuguese author, António Lobo Antunes. (Bought at the 2017 Lisbon Book Fair.). Another novel that looks at the world of post-revolution Portugal. Another condemnation of modern life. Another cry for the individual. Part Bernhard. Part Beckett. Part Kafka. In this review I shall let the author do most of the work. He does it so much better than I.
Are we as we remember ourselves or as others remember us? And what does awareness of that disparity do to us? Who are we? Where do we fit in? Nowhere? This is a novel about a man, a history professor, about how he remembers himself and about how other people remember or, in some cases, do not remember him. It’s also about ‘An Explanation of the Birds’.
A young boy, Rui, and his father together at a family farm on vacation:
“... the farmhouse when I was little and my father sat me in his lap to tell me about the birds under the big chestnut tree ....”
“When I was little my father explained the birds to me, their nests, their habits, the way they fly."
“‘The birds,’ explained his father leaning against the well on the farm, ‘die very slowly, without knowing why and without even noticing, and one day they wake up with their mouths open, floating on their backs in the wind.’”
An important moment in the life of Rui - this is the childhood he remembers with his father. This is not what his father remembers. Neither his father, nor anyone else, has any recollection of the event at all.
“The birds,” his father murmured with an intrigued look, “what’s this with the birds?”
“Bird?” asked his confounded mother, “what’s this nonsense about birds?”
Have you ever been there? You describe an important moment, heartwarming or heartbreaking, from your childhood to your family. They look at you as though you’re an alien. No idea as to what you’re talking about. Part of your childhood has just been deleted, denied, destroyed. So much for family memories. And often your siblings take great energy from joining into the game. Taking apart your memories, at your identity. Picking at your life. Pick. Pick.
And that is, in many ways what the book is about. António Lobo Antunes, himself a psychiatrist by profession, presents us with a family taking one of its own to pieces. The father, the mother, the grandmother, the sisters, the ex-wife, the girlfriend,the brother-in-law, the sons, aunts - seemingly everyone that Rui has ever had in his life - even those who only had the briefest of contact with him. Now how is this the case? Why has Rui nobody who knows him? Whence the hostility to Rui’s self assessments?
I was reminded while reading this of the theories of schizophrenia and psychosis as put forward by R. D. Laing and David Graham Cooper in the ‘60s and ‘70s. The family or other social groupings are responsible for mental illness in individuals. Through contradiction and denial, families push the individual into a state of mind wherein they appear to be mad because they can no longer distinguish the world. The theories, an admixture of psychology and existential philosophy, were very popular in their day. We were all quite convinced that our families had made us psychotic. (Likely true) I even went to see Laing speak at one point.
But let us consider Rui for a moment. He lacks confidence. He is weak willed. He dresses badly. He was rejected by the Communist Party because of his bourgeois origins. (His father is a rich businessman is post-dictatorship Portugal. Prior to the 1974 ‘Carnation Revolution’ the father was a state minister.). But Rui is seen as a traitor to his family. Who Rui believes he is and who others tell him he is are contradictory.
“He'd taken her to his parents' for dinner, and through it all - during the cocktails, the meal, the conversation afterward in the living room, and the farewells in the foyer - he'd felt, on the one hand, their hostile etiquette, shocked by his girlfriend's poncho and clogs and extreme-leftist garb; and, on other hand, her proletarian rage as a national guardsman's daughter, stubbornly exaggerated in the coarseness of her manners and in her use of toothpicks.”
And so Rui drives his girlfriend, Marilia, to a seaside hotel in the small town of Aveiro because he intends to break up with her. He can no longer make sense of their relationship. She asks why he wants to go to Aveiro.
“You want to know why Aveiro?” he asked Marilia. “There are dozens of sea gulls around the inn, among the rushes, on the muddy banks, in the lagoon itself, and on the anchored barges."
But Marilia ups him one and breaks up with him first. Then she takes a cab back to Lisbon leaving Rui with his teeming mind and the ever present birds. He walks around the lagoon, through the marsh, always surrounded by birds. As he walks his mind slowly let’s go. He no longer is a person in himself. Instead, his mind takes him to a circus, a circus made up entirely of those people who matter to him: his ex-wife, his ex-girlfriend, each of his sisters, his children, his father, his mother, his brother-in-law. Each performer gives her opinion of who Rui is, of what is wrong with Rui. And each contradicts the others. Rui spins around and around the circus ring and becomes another performer. (The ringmaster?)
"Ladies and gentlemen, girls and boys, distinguished guests whose presence and enthusiasm honor us here tonight," cried the dwarf while signaling with a raised sleeve for Ravel's Bolero to stop. "We have the privilege of presenting to you The Wives. round of applause for The Wives, if you please. The orchestra drum let loose with a lugubrious roll and a spotlight switched on, illuminating the ceiling of the circus tent star could be seen through a rip in the canvas), a gently swinging trapeze bar, and, standing on the bar in slippers and sequined bathing suits, Marilia and Tucha, who waved to the audience as chalk dust fell from their palms.”
“‘He never went with me to the supermarket,’ stated Tucha, hanging from the bar of the trapeze by her knees while Marilia, hands joined to Tucha's, swung in the emptiness. ‘And when I say supermarket that also means the butcher, the baker, the tailor, the toy store, and so on. I was the one who took the car in to get the oil changed.”
"He thought that everyone existed as a function of him," Marilia affirmed, flipping over herself in a complex maneuver that the orchestra emphasized by speeding up the rhythm . . . .”
“ . . . we have honor of announcing that the remarkable Rui S. will proceed, in just a few short moments to the historic consummation of his courageous act. For the first time in Portugal, in a strictly untelevised performance brought to you by our gracious sponsors, a performer will sacrifice himself before your eyes, thereby providing you with a few moments of pleasant distraction from your daily concerns, headaches, and anxieties.”
“Cut this one s tummy,” my father in structed, pointing with his finger. "Cut this one's tummy so that I can explain it to you." He still opened his eyes, still tried, with all his might, to get up from the sand, to rise in the saturated air and join himself to the sea gulls that circled around his supine body, but the knife, the needle, the knife pinned him down to his sheet of paper, and as his eyes began emptying and his ears stopped hearing the audience's wild clapping, he was able to make out, beyond the resplendent circus lights . . . .”
And the inquest into Rui’s suicide, where the hotel receptionist testifies.
“The deponent wished furthermore to call attention to the frantic commotion of the sea gulls, mallards, and other smaller birds whose names, common or scientific, are unknown to her; said creatures all demonstrated an absolutely singular behavior, such as she had never seen - to wit, on the one hand protecting the cadaver and on the other hand tearing it to pieces, reducing it to confused shreds of blood and clothing, greatly hindering the removal of the body, thereby an operation made all the more difficult by the birds’ fury, which was unleashed against anyone who tried to approach the corpse, so that ultimately it took shotguns and fire-truck hoses to disperse them.”
Picking Rui to pieces. António Lobo Antunes has portrayed a modern man who does not stand a chance even in death he is picked to pieces. Pick. Pick. Pick.
A highly recommended novel.