A very simple four-point model for examining novels and short stories,based on the way in which writers employ narrative devices. `Deserves both attention and practical development.' THETIMES LITERARY SUPPLEMENT `Whatemerges is an understanding of the artfulness with whichmany short-story writers observe conventions only by stretching oreven breaking, them; we get a clear sense of the genre's dispositiontowards what are here called ``modal facades'', as well as of itsability to oppose the trends which are sometimes said to constituteliterary progress' . THE TIMES HIGHER EDUCATION SUPPLEMENT