All of the examples in Adam's book are "real world" -- at least, as far as my real world is concerned: I've had to deal with all of them at one time or another, but never before with such a straightforward and easily referenceable book to hand. I've been reading this during my daily commute and have already found myself more than once in a meeting saying, "let's see how Adam's book deals with this," and then finding an answer.
It's a long book, and while it can be dipped into, I think it benefits from being read cover to cover: his approach and thinking are set out in the first third, confirmed in the second, then elaborated in the third. When in a later chapter he styles a label as a button on an upload form, you understand why he has made that decision, when in earlier chapters that might have seemed anathema.
This isn't dogma, its practical guidance: user research and commercial implementation support him. His approaches work, but your needs and -- most importantly -- your users might tell you otherwise, in which case, you should listen to them.
I have some complaints: it's long, and his JavaScript seems a little old-fashioned already given his use of jQuery and constructor functions (presumably, his research says that this is the style his audience will most appreciate) but, really, these are nonsensical issues to take and mostly inspired by professional jealousy.
Use this as a reference. Ask "what does Adam say about this?" and then go to the book. Why must I, yet again, rehearse the reasons about how elements should be placed and styled, why colour contrast should conform to particular ratios, what is the use of content for screen readers? I have Adam's book.
I've read lots of books about web development and this is the first I recommend without hesitation. It's human and it's useful; it isn't flawless. Read it. Keep a copy on your desk and recommend it to others.