The game of basketball has one less legend today.
Hall of Fame coach Kay Yow finally lost her more than 20-year battle with breast cancer. The 66-year-old North Carolina native was one of the most accomplished coaches in women’s basketball history.
ESPN repeatedly showed her career highlights: the 737 career wins, which left her sixth on the all-time list; the 21 20-win seasons and 1998 Final Four appearance with the North Carolina State Wolfpack; and Olympic gold medals as a head and assistant coach in 1988 and 1984, respectively.
Yow was also hailed for the courageous way she battled cancer without complaint for more than two decades. When Jim “Jimmy V” Valvano, the late former coach of the Wolfpack’s men’s team, first contracted cancer in 1992, he contacted Yow for guidance and support.
In a highly emotional 2007 awards ceremony, Yow received the first Jimmy V ESPY Award after coaching her team to the Sweet 16 despite having the third and final recurrence of breast cancer.
Yow’s grace, dignity and resolve in fighting and fund raising to combat the disease that ultimately claimed her life all received signifcant commentary in the tributes that issued forth after her death.
But none of them pointed out that in 1960, after a stellar high school career, despite a profound love of basketball, Yow quit the sport, as authors Pamela Grundyand Susan Shackleford write, “Without a protest, without a whimper.”
Yow’s decision came from a lack of options and was typical of many women’s choices during that time. Grundy and Shackleford trace the history of women’s basketball from the game’s inception in 1892 to the 21st century in Shattering The Glass: The Remarkable History of Women’s Basketball, an informative and accessible book.
The book is aptly named.
Scholars Grundy and Shackleford start at the game’s beginning, describing how basketball initially was the province of elite women’s colleges like Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts. Smith was the institution my wife Dunreith attended while we were first dating, but that’s a story for another time!
Unlike many sports books, though, Shattering the Glass is more than a sports history that in this case would be a service in itself for documenting the thousands of women who paved the road for modern day stars like Sheryl Swoopes, Dawn Staley, who graces the book’s cover, and Diana Taurasi.
In each of the book’s four sections, the authors talk about the broader social context in which the women lived and struggled to play.
Grundy and Shackleford write in the introduction, “Battles for women’s sports have gone hand in hand with those for women’s rights. Both athletes and activists have worked to highlight women’s physical and mental abilities, to win women greater roles in public life and to push views of womanhood beyond fixed definitions of distinctly “feminine” appearance and behavior.
While there has been progress, the authors note, it has not been linear. Rather they compare the development of the women’s game to a basketball game itself, “a collection of shifting strategies and challenges, hot shooting streaks and scoreless slumps.”
One of the hotter periods comes during the 20s, 30s and 40s, when the women’s game rose in popularity and scope among high school students during the 20s, 30s and 40s.
The game was particularly popular in in Midwestern states like Iowa, where the annual tournament provided an outlet for the hometown pride many felt in their female players.
Yet this period of comparative advancement was not universal. Grundy and Shackelford write about how America’s segregation at the time meant that black and white women, despite each having tremendous talent, did not compete against each other.
The post-World War II period also saw retrenchment as a cultural conservatism rose in America, leading to diminished options for women. This era coincided directly with the late Yow’s graduation from high school mentioned earlier.
Fortunately, things did not stay static. In the book’s final two parts, Grundy and Shackleford trace the ultimately successful push for Title IX and the emergence of the modern college and professional games.
Staley, the 2004 Olympic flag bearer for the U.S. Olympic team who learned the game playing against boys in inner-city Philadelphia, offers a fitting summary when she talks about how far the game has come and how long it has to go.
Shattering The Glass has many strengths.
Throughout the book Grundy and Shackleford demonstrate the cultural and legal obstacles women have confronted in their efforts to play the game. These barriers have ranged from unequal funding and worse facilities to continually pushing up against others’ definition that being athletic and muscular is by definition unfeminine.
They also show effectively how even today, while the woman’s game has gained a large amount of acceptance, lesbian players and coaches often feel compelled to downplay or even deny their sexual orientation.
I love basketball and considered myself relatively well informed about the game’s history, but learned about many athletes I had either heard about in different contexts, like the amazingly versatile Mildred ‘Babe’ Didrikson, or had never known before, like Nera White, the first woman’s basketball player selected to the Basketball Hall of Fame.
I also had not known that some of the game’s most accomplished coached, like C. Vivian Stringer, cheered, rather than played, basketball in high school during the 60s. Similarly, I winced when reading after University of Maryland men’s basketball coach Charles “Lefty” Driesell, after many conversations with women’s coach Chris Weller, declare, “These girls are real serious.”
My only quibble is a minor one, and stems from the book tending more toward academic structure and language. While Grundy and Shackleford capture the feel of the game in the different eras they discuss, the game descriptions they include to begin several chapters serve more as introduction to that section’s larger analytical point than a real rendering of the game’s action.
On a related note, I would have liked to learn more about many of these fascinating women, but understood that the work was a survey that of necessity touched on, rather than explored in depth, many women’s contributions.
That said, Shattering The Glass is an important contribution to an all-too-often underexplored aspect of women’s basketball-its roots and continual struggle to survive and expand.
Readers of the book are likely to gain an even deeper and richer appreciation of the late Kay Yow, her life’s work on and off the court and the legacy she leaves behind.