One of the most striking features of Philip K. Dick's "Voices from the Street" are the many parallels it shares with Kurt Vonnegut's 1973 novel "Breakfast of Champions," parallels which are coincidental, given that Dick's novel, although written in 1952, was not published until 2007. Both books center around a protagonist who is slowly losing his mind. In both cases that protagonist is a salesman, an occupation which, due the empty materialism of its nature, helps apply steady heat to the slow boil of the plot. In both cases, the protagonist harbors buried resentments towards many of those around him, resentments which gradually bubble to the surface as the novel progresses. Both books present an ostensible messianic figure who turns out to fall far short of fulfilling that role (albeit for very different reasons). Both books climax in a violent rampage. And both novels end with a denouement which strikes an unexpected, although welcome, note of hope.
Having been very sorely disappointed by Dick's first novel, "Gather Yourselves Together," I found this second attempt far superior. I am frequently skeptical of post-WWII realist fiction, since it so often presents characters who are self-absorbed, aimless, and shallow. In this novel, Dick manages to expose the inner motivations of his characters -- revealed from an omniscient point of view -- in such a way as to generate genuine sympathy for all of them. Without this exploration of their inner lives, many of these characters would appear to lack depth and self-awareness, while others would come off as mean-spirited caricatures. But Dick ably sidesteps this pitfall: even the TV shop owner, Jim Fergusson, whose gruff machismo sets him up as the perfect "square" and bastion of the establishment, is rendered in terms which help the reader make sense of why he is the way he is. Far from hating Fergusson, we end up recognizing the forces which have molded him into who he is, and we're repeatedly rooting for him to experience a moment of awakening, of self-awareness, which, in fact, he does experience at the novel's climax.
The same is true of Stuart Hadley, the book's central protagonist. Without Dick's insightful treatment, Hadley might have come off as infantile, insufferably self-indulgent, harshly judgmental, boorish, and bullying. But we see, almost from the start, that something fundamental is eating at him, and the pieces which contribute to this disenfranchisement slowly coalesce as the novel plays out. These elements include the loss of his father at a relatively early age; a strongly-implied incestuous relationship with his older sister; spiritual rootlessness coupled with a brooding intellect; and artistic ambitions cut short by his conformity to the constraints of the "real world," particularly marriage and family.
Although Hadley's behavior, as his psychological meltdown accelerates, is truly abominable (including rape, grand larceny, child abduction and neglect, assault, and attempted robbery), we somehow never entirely lose sympathy for him, because we understand all of it to be the result of a genuine mental breakdown. Just as with Dostoyevsky's Raskolnikov, we want Hadley to pay the price for his crimes, but we also want him to learn from his mistakes and come out a better person on the other side. It would have been easy for Dick to end this story with Hadley going down in a hail of bullets, or winding up in a psychiatric ward for the rest of his life. But instead, the author chooses a more remarkable, and satisfying, conclusion, in which Hadley is fundamentally transformed. In the final chapter we see him adopting, and identifying with, much of the ethos of Fergusson, an ethos which he not only ridiculed and held in contempt, but which helped to drive him over the edge of madness to begin with.
There are, to be sure, a number of things in this novel which will be distasteful to any reader of good conscience. The rape scene, in particular, is very difficult to get through. And Hadley's casual racism and anti-Semitism are also painful, especially to readers in 2018. Yet it is clear from the manner in which these events are presented that it is the character, not the author, who is misogynistic and bigoted. It is no wonder that Dick could not find a publisher for this work in 1952, and it's a shame that it was not brought into print during his lifetime. Those who are looking to Dick for science fiction would do best to avoid this novel. But those who want a truly satisfying realist yarn which complements the works of the contemporaneous Beat writers without necessarily being of them, should enjoy this gripping, can't-put-it-down tale.