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The Physics of Christianity

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A physicist claims to have demonstrate that the essential beliefs of Christianity are wholly consistent with the laws of physics.

Frank Tipler takes an exciting new approach to the age-old dispute about the relationship between science and religion in The Physics of Christianity. In reviewing centuries of writings and discussions, Tipler realized that in all the debate about science versus religion, there was no serious scientific research into central Christian claims and beliefs. So Tipler embarked on just such a scientific inquiry. The Physics of Christianity presents the fascinating results of his pioneering study.

Tipler begins by outlining the basic concepts of physics for the lay reader and brings to light the underlying connections between physics and theology. In a compelling example, he illustrates how the God depicted by Jews and Christians, the Uncaused First Cause, is completely consistent with the Cosmological Singularity, an entity whose existence is required by physical law. His discussion of the scientific possibility of miracles provides an impressive, credible scientific foundation for many of Christianity’s most astonishing claims, including the Virgin Birth, the Resurrection, and the Incarnation. He even includes specific outlines for practical experiments that can help prove the validity of the “miracles” at the heart of Christianity.

Tipler’s thoroughly rational approach and fully accessible style sets The Physics of Christianity apart from other books dealing with conflicts between science and religion. It will appeal not only to Christian readers, but also to anyone interested in an issue that triggers heated and divisive intellectual and cultural debates.

336 pages, Hardcover

First published January 1, 2007

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About the author

Frank J. Tipler

13 books30 followers
Frank Jennings Tipler is a mathematical physicist and cosmologist, holding a joint appointment in the Departments of Mathematics and Physics at Tulane University.

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Displaying 1 - 22 of 22 reviews
Profile Image for John.
2 reviews3 followers
July 13, 2009
A seriously deceptive piece of shit. Tipler often mixes and relates completely different principles in physics to deceive the reader and lead the reader to his very flawed conclusions. Absolute bullshit and not worthy as study in physics or theological thought.
Profile Image for Neelesh Marik.
75 reviews17 followers
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August 10, 2011
Tipler acknowledges that he is a 'Physics Fundamentalist'. Using the principles of five fundamental physical laws: quantum mechanics, the Second Law of Thermodynamics, general relativity, quantum cosmology and the Standard Model of Particle Physics, he validates several 'Christian' contentions which were hitherto in the domain of miracles. Namely the Incarnation, the Virgin Birth of Jesus, and the Resurrection. Using an arresting blend of scientific and mathematical logic, Tipler also throws profound light on the Omega Point, God as the cosmological singularity, the problem of evil, and the co-existence of divine determinism and human free will. Never before have I encountered such stunning implications of the multiverse paradigm that emerges from quantum mechanics.

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413 reviews1 follower
January 6, 2009
Fascinating book, even though I disagreed with a large chunk of it. For starters, if Tipler's view of the eventual Resurrection is correct (that is, every person who ever lived will be resurrected as a computer simulation in the Omega Point and then placed in a simulated environment where all "bad things" are removed), of what use is being a Christian, or making good moral choices? Tipler also appears to take some Biblical passages very literally (the star of Bethlehem is stressed as being an actual star, for example) yet disregarding others seemingly at random (such as the Fall occurring at some point in metazoan evolution and not as depicted in Genesis, or the feeding of the 5,000).

The thing that left me puzzled the most though was his explanation of Christ's resurrection as a result of electroweak quantum tunneling. If every copy of Jesus across the multiverse used this procedure, there either 1) wouldn't be enough energy to "borrow" and none of the copies of Christ would rise, or 2) only a finite number of Christs, hence an infinitely small percentage of all the total Christs across the multiverse, would have risen and the rest would have remained dead.

What is more, for someone whose theology is wholly dependent on the existence of the multiverse, Tipler's plane wave explanation is not effective on any level. I discovered Tipler through reading Deutsch's The Fabric of Reality, which does a much, much better job in that area. Also, Tipler's antagonistic tone is pretty grating through much of the book, not to mention unnecessary. I found it annoying that he mentions several times that scientists do not want to carry the laws of physics to their ultimate conclusion because they lead to God, when Tipler is (as far as I know) the only scientist who equates the Omega Point with God. He paints this as a conscious decision on the part of scientists, which I thought was unfair.

Having said all of that though, I thought the book was fascinating, thought-provoking, and above all refreshing to see someone try to apply science to their faith, and not the other way around. Tipler hasn't convinced me that his God is the traditional Judeo-Christian God, but the Omega Point does seem to fit most of the requirements--eternal, omnipresent, omniscient, triune, omnipotent, etc., along with explanations of miracles, prayer, and the existence of evil. For that I would recommend it to anyone who, like me, sees no conflict with science and faith, and is interested in refining exactly what they believe and why they believe it, even if they don't find anything in this book that they actually believe. It's never bad to question why you believe what you do, it's only bad to never question it.
Profile Image for Carmel-by-the-Sea.
120 reviews21 followers
January 4, 2020
Horrory Mastertona nie mrożą krwi w żyłach tak, jak opiniowana książka. Przy czym w tym przypadku nie jest to zachęta do lektury!! Bardzo nie lubię mieć wyrobionego zdania o książce, której nie dałem rady przeczytać w całości, a tu się tak właśnie zdarzyło.

Najpierw może wstęp o autorze, tak dla zarysowania tła.

Frank Tipler to znany profesor fizyki teoretycznej. Jego praca naukowa skupiała się na teorii względności i kosmologii. W latach 80-tych wspólnie z Johnem Barrowem napisał głośną monografię o zasadzie antropicznej (*). Publikacja rozpoczęła trwającą do dziś, na poły naukowa na poły teologiczną, dyskusję nad sensem naszego istnienia. Obecnie ta tytułowa zasada, istniejąca w dwóch wersjach, jest traktowana, jako próba wytłumaczenia fenomenu dostosowania świata fizykalnego do takich warunków biochemicznych, które pozwoliły na pojawienie się ludzi. Zasada jednak stawia więcej pytań niż odpowiedzi, a sama w swej istocie nic nie tłumaczy. W kolejnej dekadzie Tipler napisał już całkiem kuriozalną pracę wykraczającą poza ramy 'normalnej metafizyki' (**). Starał się w niej wykazać, że zmartwychwstanie wynika z praw fizyki. W 2008 ukazała się w USA opiniowana "Fizyka chrześcijaństwa". Karol Jałochowski celnie ocenił dwie najnowsze publikacje Tiplera, że w pierwszej (o nieśmiertelności) stanął fizyk nad przepaścią absurdu, a w ostatniej zrobił krok naprzód. Samej "Fizyce chrześcijaństwa" dziennikarz syntetycznie i w punkt wystawił nieciekawą cenzurkę, jednocześnie nakreślając ewolucję poglądów autora dryfujących w niepokojącym kierunku:

"Można tylko przypuszczać, dlaczego Frank Tipler wybrał taką drogę. Być może jakiś nieznany czytelnikowi czynnik (depresja, choroba, śmierć w rodzinie?) sprawił, iż autor nie wytrwał w wierze w naukową metodę poznania rzeczywistości. Można tylko mieć nadzieję, że jeśli kiedykolwiek powstanie kwantowy generator dusz, w swej dobroci umieści kopię Tiplera tam, gdzie jego teoria wypełnia się co do joty, jego dziadkowie nie giną z rąk hitlerowców, a Jezus naprawdę powstaje z neutrin." (***)

Więcej szczegółów, które da się wydobyć chyba tylko z pełnej lektury anglojęzycznej wersji książki, umieścił wspomniany Jałochowski w swej recenzji, którą gorąco polecam. Warto też zobaczyć na youtube debatę Kraussa z autorem książki (****). Sam niestety dałem radę przeczytać, jak na razie, pierwsze 50 stron i nie wiem, czy mam siłę na kontynuację. Zapewne przyswojona przeze mnie próbka tekstu jest niewielka, ale chyba wystarczająca na wnioski, które chciałbym krótko przybliżyć.

Być może mógłbym przeczytać całość polskiego wydania, gdyby nie tragiczne tłumaczenie. Czytając książki naukowe i popularno-naukowe nie przygotowałem się na taki natłok bełkotu. Trzy przykłady z "Fizyki chrześcijaństwa":

"Na najbardziej bazowym poziomie my i nam podobni jesteśmy kompletnie identyczni." (str. 36)

"Kiedy podobni obserwatorowi w pierwszym laboratorium mierzą ich elektrony w światach multiświata, jeden odpowiedni z podobnych będzie mierzył elektron ze spinem w górę, a drugi podobny zmierzy elektron ze spinem w dół." (str. 41)

(...) woltaż (...) (str. 44 - chodzi o zdanie z opisem tunelowania kwantowego przez barierę potencjału, a przytoczone słowo świadczy, że tłumacz nie wie, co tłumaczy).

Sam tekst i myśli autora są już tak kuriozalne, że karkołomne i bezsensowne jest czytanie fatalnie przygotowanego tłumaczenia. Mam wrażenie, że tekst stworzył jakiś komputerowy translator poddany zaledwie nieudolnej korekcie.

Ponieważ do całości tekstu nie mogę się wystarczająco dokładnie odnieść, a znam sporo kontekstu, to skomentuję problem z Tiplerem, jako przykład pewnej klasy postaw. Głęboka wiara to nie zarzut, nawet gdy jest udziałem naukowca. Ale sprzeniewierzenie się metodzie naukowej jest niewybaczalnym przestępstwem przeciwko rozumowi. Znalazłem charakterystyczny przykład. Na stronie 201 pisze Tipler: "Mateusz 2,9 również sugeruje rektascensję Gwiazdy Betlejemskiej". Zaś przywołany tekst z Biblii zawiera zdania: "Oni zaś wysłuchawszy króla, ruszyli w drogę. A oto gwiazda, którą widzieli na Wschodzie, szła przed nimi, aż przyszła i zatrzymała się nad miejscem, gdzie było Dziecię." Już takie zestawienie pokazuje problem z autorem takich dywagacji i daje podstawy do sugestii, że mamy do czynienia z pospolitą pseudonaukowością. Żadną miarą z tekstu Pisma nie jesteśmy w stanie ustalić godziny, kiedy ta zgrubna obserwacja nieba jakoby nastąpiła. To oznacza, że jakiekolwiek analizy faktycznego położenia hipotetycznej Gwiazdy Betlejemskiej są więcej niż wątpliwe. Czym innym jest sytuacja, gdy wielki fizyk pisze 'maszyny cięższe od powietrza nigdy nie będą latać' (lord Kelwin w 1895), a czym innym wiązanie zmartwychwstania z procesami znanymi w świecie cząstek elementarnych (Tipler 2008). Pierwsze stwierdzenie jest operacyjne, ma czytelnie nakreślone ramy falsyfikacji i zawiera słowa użyte w jasnym i jednoznacznym kontekście, czego nie można powiedzieć o drugim sformułowaniu.

Metoda naukowa pozwala na dowolne wnioski z obserwacji świata, ale w ramach rozsądnie przeprowadzonych badań. Jeśli więc zawierzamy niejasnym uwagom o położeniu Gwiazdy Betlejemskiej, to tracimy rozsadek. Fascynujące, na granicy poznania czy cudowne zdarzenia wymagają poważnych i wielostronnych analiz popartych badaniami niezależnych gremiów. Jeśli ktoś nonszalancko łączy wprost świat cząstek elementarnych czy kosmologiczne obserwacje z takimi pojęciami, jak 'zmartwychwstanie' czy 'inkarnacja', to skazuje się na banicję ze środowiska naukowego.

Powyższy przykład z Gwiazdą Betlejemską to był banał, bo Tipler z przekonaniem stawia wiele poważniejszych tez. Te najistotniejsze, to:

• Wskrzeszenie to realizacja wirtualnej symulacji.
• Śmierć i wniebowstąpienie Jezusa to anihilacja budującej go materii i następnie proces odwrotny do anihilacji.
• Inkarnacje są realizacja teorii multiświata kwantowego.
• Zmartwychwstanie to proces wynikający z Modelu Standardowego cząstek elementarnych.
• Dziewicze narodzenie to proces naturalny, podobnie jak inne biblijne cuda.

Tylko na podstawie powyższej listy można postulować, że książka jest bardzo niebezpieczna. Co prawda zawiera mnóstwo faktów z fizyki - tej kwantowej i relatywistycznej, oraz ustaleń kosmologii obserwacyjnej. Jednak wszystkie te sprawdzone i ugruntowane ustalenia są użyte w bezsensownym kontekście i co gorsza zaprzęgnięte do wytłumaczenia wprost chrześcijańskich podstaw wiary. Pośród nonsensów i pół-prawd, pojawiają się kompletnie nieweryfikowalne stwierdzenia (chociażby poszukiwanie konkretnej lokalizacji na niebie i Gwiazdy Betlejemskiej, o której wspomina Biblia). Najgorsze jest to, że niewprawiony czytelnik może nabyć wiele mylnych przekonań odnośnie stanu fizyki i astronomii, które Tipler postuluje jawnie, bądź wynikają one z jego analiz, jako niewypowiedzianych wprost założeń, np.:

• Model Standardowy jest zupełny, czyli w pełni wyjaśnia wszystko.
• Istnieje jedna uzgodniona wersja kwantowej grawitacji.
• Wszechświat musi się zapaść (zakończy istnienie kolapsem).
• Rozumiemy naturę ciemnej energii.
• Wiemy, czemu jest więcej materii od antymaterii.

Problem z Tiplerem polega na tym, że te pięć powyższych twierdzeń jest nieprawdziwa. Dla własnych potrzeb i oparcia prawd wiary na fizyce, potrzebował pójść na skróty i zapostulować ich spełnienie. Nieładnie.

Moja ocena książki jest fatalna, głównie ze względu na motywację autora przy jej tworzeniu, manipulacje i wypełnianie obiektywnych braków w wiedzy wiarą. Ta ostatnia jest subiektywną potrzebą człowieka i nie może być orężem w naukowym dyskursie.

=====

* John D. Barrow, Frank J. Tipler, "The Anthropic Cosmological Principle", Oxford University Press 1986
** Frank J. Tipler, "The Physics of Immortality: Modern Cosmology, God and the Resurrection of the Dead", Anchor Books 1994
*** Karol Jałochowski, "Polityka 12/2008"; www: http://technopolis.polityka.pl/2008/r...
**** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UXtsR...

ZŁA - 2/10
Profile Image for Benjamin Spurlock.
154 reviews10 followers
October 31, 2012
Whether you agree with Dr. Tipler or not, it's impossible to deny that he makes a very evocative narrative of the Christian faith and the future of science. That this book is so roundly criticized by both camps is, I believe, more a statement of the shameful and false dichotomy of modern society, rather than a charge against Dr. Tipler himself.

While I myself find myself in disagreement with some points, he has given me a great deal of food for thought, and thus, I find myself almost forced to give it five stars. I'd encourage those who read it to take it in a similar vein- not to get overly invested in trying to reject his theories or 'prove him wrong,' but rather, examine it fairly, and see what it does. The results might well be a pleasant surprise.
Profile Image for Angela.
370 reviews16 followers
August 3, 2007
Certainly an interesting book, but I got the overwhelming impression that the author was trying too hard to make his beliefs about Christianity and physics fit together perfectly.

I was also surprised that there was absolutely no mention of Hell, given that that seems to be a fairly important concept to most versions of Christianity. Perhaps he covers that topic in his previous book, The Physics of Immortality?

That said, there were a couple of interesting (to me, anyway) discussions about the nature of miracles (bound by the laws of physics, or not?), the nature of sin, and the history of Christian theology.

Overall, worth the read.
Profile Image for Anthony.
6 reviews
August 23, 2012
To summarize this book is to use the author's quote "The cosmological Singularity is God".
Profile Image for C.A. Gray.
Author 29 books510 followers
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July 21, 2021
The ratings on this one should have scared me off, but as a Christian and a lover of quantum physics, I had to give it a shot.

The main reason I couldn't finish it was because it was incredibly bogged down with unexplained jargon. The author often alluded to concepts as if the reader should already know what they are, or (my favorite) was when he made reference to his own argument in one of his earlier books to explain a position he simply stated as fact in this one. That doesn't work for me.

I also was puzzled by the fact that he started off with an assumption that the unquestionably correct interpretation of quantum physics was the many worlds theory. I had always been under the impression that this was the substantially less popular interpretation relative to the Copenhagen version (collapse of the wave function), so the fact that he took it as a given that there were an infinite number of alternate universes definitely put me off. This also seemed to be part of the foundation of his arguments for nearly everything else. (I'm no physicist but it seems to me that the many worlds interpretation violates Occam's razor, and if for no other reason, it is therefore the least likely to be correct.)
Profile Image for Voyt.
257 reviews20 followers
January 1, 2023
Professional suicide?
POSTED AT AMAZON 2007
Tere is not much space for debate about religion and ethics in mathematics, physics or chemistry. Does Frank Tipler's book represent an effort to bring such debate into the physics? - rather not, but one should remain cautious. Having a large dose of math expressions and equations, "The Physics of Christianity" will not become ideological manifesto; it will most likely represent unintentional record of author's personal drama. Let us also consider this book as the warning directed to others attempting to formulate Theory of Everything by cutting the corners.
One may only try to guess why professor Tipler has chosen such way to proceed.. Possibly it could be a factor unknown to reader (depression, illness?), factor that triggered Frank Tipler's disbelieve in scientific methods that help us to grok reality. We may only have a hope, that if ever in the future quantum generator of souls is constructed, it will be merciful enough and place author's copy exactly where his theory fulfills - Nazis do not kill his grandfathers and Jesus gets made out of neutrinos.
Profile Image for Luke.
13 reviews1 follower
January 11, 2019
Sadly I didn't read the entire book. I had to give up on it because it wasnt worth my time to work hard to read pages of physicist arguments which I still didn't end understanding. From what I did read there seemed to be blatant materialism in assigning every reality to the region of physics. On the original sin he once said something like 'if it actually existed we would see it in our DNA'. I could believe the cosmological singularity is God, sort of, but I couldn't accept the sin present in DNA. So for those reasons I figured it would be best to leave this book behind.
Profile Image for Anthony Cleveland.
Author 1 book31 followers
July 20, 2017
Difficult to read due to the complexity of the subject matter and the writing style of the author. However, I did like his quote ,"we do not have a clue as to how the human brain generates a human mind". This book was published in 2007 and unfortunately, Dr. Tipler's statement is probably closer to the truth than many contemporary neuroscientists and/or neuropsychologists would care to admit.
Profile Image for Maurizio Codogno.
Author 67 books146 followers
November 15, 2010
È una sorta di par condicio. Avendo letto a suo tempo (e non apprezzato per nulla...) Il Tao della fisica di Fritjof Capra con l'associazione delle religioni orientali alla fisica contemporanea, mi è sembrato interessante vedere l'altra campana religiosa: la fisica vista dagli occhi di un cristiano, o meglio il cristianesimo visto dal punto di vista di un fisico. Frank Tipler, l'autore di questo libro è noto per aver scritto con John Barrow Il principio antropico, e questa è la sua seconda opera al riguardo. Tipler non è certo uno che usi mezze misure. Parte dalle leggi fisiche validate dagli esperimenti come la relatività generale, la legge elettrodebole, il modello standard e l'interpretazione dei molti mondi, che per lui è la realtà dei molti mondi. Da qui deduce che devono per forza esserci due singolarità in cui non valgono le leggi fisiche, una alla fine dei tempi (Dio Padre) e una all'inizio (lo Spirito Santo). Poi c'è una terza singolarità che pervade - non ho capito bene come) tutto il multiverso; questa è il Figlio. Da qui parte tutta la sua visione sincretica tra fisica e religione. Devo dire che alcuni punti teologici sono interessanti. Per esempio, l'onniscienza di Dio deriva dal vedere lo spazio-tempo-multiverso come un tutt'uno che a livello superiore è statico; il libero arbitrio deriva dal fatto che se ci sono tutti gli universi possibili, ci saranno quelli in cui farò un'azione e quelli in cui non la farò, e la Singolarità può sapere le percentuali ma non i risultati della singola persona a causa delle leggi quantistiche. Anche i miracoli sono correttamente indicati come fatti non impossibili ma semplicemente assai improbabili. Detto questo, la maggior parte delle idee esposte non hanno fondamenti validi, soprattutto dal punto di vista matematico; l'equivalenza delle diverse successioni di Cauchy - e non del punto limite - oppure l'irrigidirsi sulla definizione di probabilità solamente come misura dell'ignoranza servono alla sua tesi, ma sono difficilmente accettabili aprioristicamente. Non parliamo poi del suo atteggiamento dove il principio antropico è portato a estremi letteralmente incredibili o degli esperimenti che propone per dimostrare la validità delle sue ipotesi, al di fuori delle possibilità attuali e quindi non invalidabili, oltre che essere spesso confusi. Ad esempio per verificare che l'Uomo della Sindone sia un maschio XX dove i geni tipici dell'Y si sono spostati in un X (cosa di per sé possibile) dice di cercare alleli X senza pensare alle possibili contaminazioni. Ah, Maria sarebbe nata senza un gene codificante il comportamento violento (il peccato originale!) e Gesù sarebbe il risultato di una specie di autofecondazione per quanto riguarda la materia fisica... Insomma, come Hard SF siamo messi bene, ma come scienza molto, molto meno. Noticina: Tipler non è antisemita, ma in compenso è antimusulmano... La traduzione è scorrevole; ho solo trovato un paio di punti non troppo chiari.
22 reviews
December 15, 2015
This book is the very incarnation of picking your conclusion, then cherry-picking evidence to support it. It relies on a flawed understanding of the Bible to make its tenuous points (taking Revelation literally, not acknowledging that the disciples expected Jesus to come back in their lifetime, etc). I also got the impression he might have been cherry-picking the physics to support his arguments as well, though I don't know enough physics to be sure on that.
Profile Image for Heather.
95 reviews27 followers
January 31, 2015
Frank J. Tipler has clearly watched and/or read too much science fiction. In this book Tipler proposes that every human shall live again by being re-created as robots/AIs. That God is the Cosmological Singularity and Jesus was born of a virgin and had xx genes. I feel that the title is very misleading and if I had known what the book was proposing I would have never picked it up.
Profile Image for Anita.
696 reviews2 followers
March 18, 2019
This book uses the theories of physics to dissuade the doubtful about the possibility, if not the reality, of the miracles in the Bible. If you already believe without proof or disbelieve without proof, this book is not likely to make any difference. Having said that, this book is still an interesting read. I recommend this book.
Profile Image for Jef.
142 reviews5 followers
September 16, 2009
Based on his Physics of Immortality, this book goes even further and states boldly that there can be no other conclusion from General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics than that Christianity is all true. He calls scientist who reject his conclusions heretics.
Profile Image for Wally.
15 reviews1 follower
September 3, 2011
I find the parts about physics interesting, and consider Christianity a matter of faith (not physics). By trying to unite the two the author loses credibility in my mind. For a good laugh, read the last paragraph of each chapter!
Profile Image for Stefan Johnsson.
Author 4 books7 followers
June 1, 2023
On the scale of thoughtful and well-thought out apologetic books, this one is an outlier, but in the wrong direction. It must've been taken out from the garbage when I had it given to me for free, so I threw it back into the garbage bin when I finished. No way i'm keeping this book on my bookshelf.
Profile Image for Rick.
1 review
October 14, 2011
Blew my mind. I'd love for a phycisist friend to read it so we can discuss.
Profile Image for Ray A..
Author 6 books47 followers
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May 21, 2012
I found this book too technical and not accessible to the lay reader and thus cannot rate or recommend it.
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