Several years ago, I became aware of The Land of Green Ginger by Noel Langley. At that time, I purchased what was readily available: the 2005 Faber and Faber paperback (ISBN 0571226183). I read it and thought it just fine. Subsequently I learned more about the different versions of the text and purchased another Faber and Faber paperback (IBSN 9780571321346), this one from 2015. This was read aloud recently, and all listeners found it to be a most excellent tale of the highest quality. I was interested to know more about the differences between editions. Sifting things out has not been all that easy, and I would like to provide a chunk of information that might be useful to future readers.
The 2015 edition is only available in paperback, and my main complaint is that it is a book of awkward squarish size (18cm high by 13.5cm wide). As it is fairly long: 270 pages, plus 8 pages at the front, plus 10 pages of advertising material at the back (more than 2cm thick), it could easily have been reconfigured to fit onto fewer pages of a larger size. I really could wish for a hardcover of a very standard size (23cm by 14.5cm), perhaps like the red-spined NYRB series. I have strong prejudices against paperbacks, as a rule, and I especially feel that anything being promoted as a "Faber Classic" should be available as a durable hardcover.
On to the textual disparities. The 2005 book I first encountered presents a revised text that was first published in 1975 by Puffin (as ISBN 0140302565, 157 pages), as does a slightly earlier 2001 Faber edition (ISBN 057121083X, 115). This is also the text found in the US paperback edition published by David R. Godine in 2007 (ISBN 9781567923339), which is 149 pages, with the added pages seeming to be the consequence of more generous line spacing. The 2015 book, on the other hand, presents a different variant of the text, as first published in 1966 by Puffin (pre-ISBN, . It is 270 pages with 22 lines per page (the line spacing is excellent). The 2005 typeface is comparatively smaller, with a tighter spacing of 36 lines per page, and certainly it seems the publishers were trying to squeeze things into a limited space. It would not be easy to count words to compare the exact lengths of the texts. Beginning in 1966, all editions have black-and-white illustrations by Edward Ardizzone. One thing is easily discovered in comparing the two: the 1975 text lacks "Chapter the Eighth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Consulted Nosi Parka and Gained Fresh Hope," a chapter which is 20 pages long and contains two Ardizzone illustrations in the 1966 text. Some of the story has been relocated to the previous chapter. However, all traces of the character Nosi Parka, the egg head, have been removed (including the Ardizzone illustration of him found on p.148). But this is by no means the only difference.
I have yet to encounter the original 1937 text (which is actually titled The Tale of the Land of Green Ginger) or the 1947 second edition (which has the shorter title on its dust jacket, but the longer on the actual cover), but I live in hope. It may well be that earliest is not best and that Langley improved things later, but I remain curious, particularly since it was this, the 1937 edition, that generated the original enthusiasm for the story. The first edition is 143 pages and has color illustrations by the author. Apparently the 1937 edition was published in two sizes, the larger being 30cm high. I believe the printing is actually identical, just with an expanded bottom margin in the larger size. The second edition is reported to have 122 pages, and it has black-and-white illustrations, also by the author. I have seen a scans of most of the color illustrations, and the 1937 ones are very whimsical with absolutely glorious, vibrant hues. Over the course of the book there are only twenty of them, however. I'm less impressed with what little I have seen of the 1947 illustrations.
The 1937 text tells the story in twelve chapters. In the 1966 text, however, we are presented with a most rare and wonderful thing. Immediately following Chapter the Twelfth, we are treated to Chapter the Twelfth and a Halfth, Which Brings the Story to a Close. One sad thing about the 1975 text is that it condenses things so much that with chapter reconfigurations, everything is again done in twelve chapters.
I cannot say for how long the first or second editions remained in print. But in 1958, nearly twenty years after its first publication, the story was presented as an episode in the first season of Shirley Temple's Storybook, a television series which dramatized mostly familiar fairy tales. Langley himself wrote the teleplay. A series of companion print volumes was published by Random House, and The Land of Green Ginger appears in the first of these (again from 1958). It is illustrated by William Bolin.
Here it runs just sixteen pages and is nearly unrecognizable to those who know the book-length tale. It has become a very generic quest-type fairy tale story with all the wit and charm excised. About a third of the length is devoted to setting up the quest for a suitable bride for Abu Ali. Though I cannot compare to the 1937 text, I believe that this version introduces new material, including a much stronger focus on the magic lamp. Absent entirely are the Widow Twankey, Omar Khayyam, Uncle Abanazar, Nosi Parka, the button-nosed tortoise, the magician, Kublai Snoo, and Small Slave. Tintac Ping Foo and Rubdub Ben Thud are now just nameless "rival princes." Sulkpot Ben Nagnag is without name and is now the king of Samarkand (not a jeweller), and Silver Bud is now the Princess Silverbud. Almost all of the interactions are presented in new ways (for example, the phoenix birds are tricked into attacking each other). Knowing that Noel Langley was partly responsible for the film version of The Wizard of Oz, and how very different that screenplay is from the original L. Frank Baum book, the huge discrepancies are perhaps to be expected. That fact does not make them any more palatable, however.
The 1966 version appears to have a very particular provenance. The 2015 edition includes a note stating, "In 1964, Langley read the book for a New York radio station and this broadcast was so successful that the story was edited down to fit on an L.P. The edited version was published in 1966 [...] In 1975, the story was shortened once again, and it was this edition that stayed in print for the next forty years...until now." Now, this implies that the original radio broadcast was of the 1937 text and that this original text was longer still than what was published in 1966 (and republished in 2015), but the evidence contradicts this.
The radio broadcast was issued on Pacifica Radio Records in 1965. It is yet another variant of the text. It is similar to the 1966 text, but greatly reduced. The Pacifica Radio Archives states, "This week on From the Vault, we share a 1962 recording of Noel Langley reading his beloved classic 'The Land of Green Ginger' in the studios at WBAI. First broadcast on Stories Children Love hosted by Elinor Gene Hoffman, this funny and clever children's story was an instant and total success among Pacifica listeners, and for over a decade remained one of the most requested programs throughout the Pacifica Network." Another Pacifica webpage states that it was in 1965 that the special edition was read live on Pacifica's WBAI in New York. However, the WBAI Folio program guide shows that it was presented in five parts between September 17 and 21, 1962 (but in ten parts between November 25 and December 6, 1963). A 1968 rebroadcast was again in five parts.
Yet a different source gives September 22, 1963 as the recording date for the LP. Questions remain: did Langley ever really read it live on air - and how long was it? Does the LP issue contain an entirely different recording or an edit from what was broadcast? This is unclear.
The BBC radio program Story Time featured a six-part dramatized reading by Thea Holme and others, starting in November 1966, and the BBC Jackanory television program featured the book twice: in a five-part reading by Kenneth Williams starting in December 1968 and another, also in five parts, by Michael Barrymore in December 1984. All BBC productions appear to be adapted/edited, not verbatim from a published book. Jeremy Swan did the 1968 adaptation and Julia Godley did the 1984 one.
I do not know any story behind the creation of the 1975 edition. As the 1960s versions seem to have been so successful, why was the 1966 published edition found to be less than satisfactory? I can fully accept that the 1975 changes were apparently made by Noel Langley himself. For whatever reason, he deemed that version worthy of publication. I disagree, however, that the 1975 text is superior in every way to the 1966 text. Many others agree with me. One question I have is about capitalization. The 1975 text makes great use of capitalization to indicate Very Important things. The 2015 book removes almost all nonstandard capitalization (we are referred to as Gentle Reader, however). Was this the case when the 1966 text was first published? I can confirm that the 1937 text does use the Very Important capitalization (sometimes called 'Title Case'). My opinion is that this makes things Exceptionally Grandiose, which is very apt for a tale such as this. It may not matter one weasel's whisker when reading aloud, but then again, maybe it may.
Under its Kestrel imprint, Puffin published a hardcover (ISBN 0722654146) in 1977. It runs to 197 pages. Interestingly, the title page verso notes, "This re-written version first published by Puffin Books, 1966. Also published in an abridged paperback by Puffin Books." I can only assume what I refer to as the 1975 text is the abridged version. But clearly there was an understanding by Puffin at the time that these were different versions with different intentions. As for this Kestrel book, it would seem that by my specifications, it is actually the ideal version: the full 1966 text in a standard sized hardcover.
At least one other reviewer has mentioned that all paperback editions (anything 1966 and later?) have an ending that differs from the 1937 original. I am fairly sure that the 1977 hardcover should also be included in this caveat. Unfortunately at this point, I cannot confirm how drastic such a change to the ending might be. Obviously this is a crucial bit of information, but even the more subtle differences are enough to make me want to track down and read the original.
So, as I have determined it, the timeline is as follows:
1937: First edition published in the UK by Arthur Barker
1938: US edition published by William Morrow
1947: Second edition published in the UK by Arthur Barker
1958: TV adaptation by Langley produced for Shirley Temple's Storybook on NBC
1958: Adaptation (by Langley?) included in Shirley Temple's Storybook companion volume published by Random House in the US
1962: WBAI radio broadcast of Langley reading a version (a "special version"?) - subsequently rebroadcast on other Pacifica Radio stations for years
1965: LP recording of Langley's recitation (identical to broadcast?) issued by Pacific Radio Records to great response
1966: New paperback versions published by Puffin in UK and US (similar, but not identical to the radio/LP version)
1966: BBC radio Story Time program features adaptation read by cast including Thea Holme
1968: BBC television Jackanory series features adaptation read by Kenneth Williams
1975: Shorter paperback version published by Puffin in the UK
1977: 1966 text was published by Puffin/Penguin/Kestrel for the first time in hardcover (UK only). (The 1975 text has never seen a hardcover edition.)
1984: BBC television Jackanory series features adaptation read by Michael Barrymore
1986: One-page excerpt summary titled "Beware of the Dragon!" appeared in educational anthology Readings from the Bookshelf, Level Three
1994: Another excerpt included as the chapter "Abu Ali Meets a Dragon" anthology Spellbound: Fantasy Stories (apparently republished in 2003/04 and 2007)
2001: Faber and Faber republished the 1975 text in the UK
2005: Faber and Faber again republished the 1975 text in the UK
2007: David R. Godine published the 1975 text in the US
2015: 1966 text was republished by Faber and Faber in the UK
For purposes of comparison, here are the chapters for each edition:
1937 hardcover
Chapter the First, Which Explains How, Why, When and Where Everything Began in the First Place
Chapter the Second, Which Explains How Abu Ali Began the Search for the Land of Green Ginger, and Introduces You to the Wicked Prince Tintac Ping Foo
Chapter the Third, Which Explains How Abu Ali Met the Wicked Princes Tintac Ping Foo and Rubdub Ben Thud for the First Time
Chapter the Fourth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Met a Friend
Chapter the Fifth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Attempted a Rescue
Chapter the Sixth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Met a Green Dragon, and How a Spell Went Wrong
Chapter the Seventh, Which Explains the Awful Villainy of the Wicked Princes About a Magic Carpet
Chapter the Eighth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Consulted Nosi Parka and Gained Fresh Hope
Chapter the Ninth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Found the Button-Nosed Tortoise and a Great Deal More Trouble as Well
Chapter the Tenth, Which Explains How the Wicked Princes Went Back to Their Old Tricks Again
Chapter the Eleventh, Which Explains How Sulkpot Ben Nagnag Went Back on His Word
Chapter the Twelfth, Which Explains How Abu Ali, Greatly Helped by the Mouse, Was Able to Win the Day
1947 hardcover (unknown - but likely identical or nearly to 1937)
1958 Shirley Temple's Storybook (not divided into chapters)
1963? (LP issue not divided into chapters)
1966 Puffin paperback
Chapter the First, Which Explains How, Why, When and Where There Was Ever Any Problem in the First Place
Chapter the Second, Which Explains How Abu Ali Began the Search for the Land of Green Ginger, and Introduces the Wicked Prince Tintac Ping Foo
Chapter the Third, Which Explains How Abu Ali Met the Wicked Princes Tintac Ping Foo and Rubdub Ben Thud for the First Time
Chapter the Fourth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Met a Friend
Chapter the Fifth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Attempted a Rescue
Chapter the Sixth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Met a Green Dragon, and How a Spell Went Wrong
Chapter the Seventh, Which Explains the Awful Villainy of the Wicked Princes Over a Magic Carpet
Chapter the Eighth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Consulted Nosi Parka and Gained Fresh Hope
Chapter the Ninth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Found the Button-Nosed Tortoise and a Great Deal More Trouble as Well
Chapter the Tenth, Which Explains How the Wicked Princes Went Back to Their Old Tricks Again
Chapter the Eleventh, Which Explains How Sulkpot Ben Nagnag Went Back on His Word
Chapter the Twelfth, Which Explains How Abu Ali, Greatly Helped by Loyal Friends, Was Nearly Able to Win the Day
Chapter the Twelfth and a Halfth, Which Brings the Story to Its Close
1966 BBC radio
Part One: (title/summary unknown)
Part Two: Prince Abu Ali, son and heir of the Emperor Aladdin, sets out to seek the hand of Silver Bud. the jeweller's beautiful daughter, and to redeem from its aimless wanderings through space the Land of Green Ginger
Part Three: Prince Abu Ali of China continues his search for the Land of Green Ginger and plans to rescue Silver Bud from the clutches of the wicked Princes, Tintac and Rubdub
Part Four: Prince Abu Ali and the wicked Princes Tintac and Rubdub are all in love with the beautiful Silver Bud. In order to decide who will marry her, the three suitors are set Difficult Tasks to perform. Prince Abu Ali, who has the most difficult Task, sets out on his donkey - not forgetting that he is still searching for the Land of Green Ginger
Part Five: Prince Abu Ali is still searching for the Magic Phoenix Birds - a Difficult Task he has to perform in order to win the hand of the beautiful Silver Bud. Helped by his friends the Mouse and Boomalakka Wee, Abu Ali makes a surprising discovery and he begins to see an end to his troubles
Part Six: Prince Abu Ali has now accomplished his Difficult Task and found the Land of Green Ginger.
1968 BBC television
Chapter the First, Which Explains How, Why, When, and Where There Was Ever Any Problem in the First Place, and How Abu Ali Began the Search for the Land of Green Ginger
Chapter the Second, Which Explains How Abu Ali Met the Wicked Princes, Tintac Ping Foo and Rubdub Ben Thud, For the First Time
Chapter the Third, Which Explains How Abu Ali Attempted a Rescue and How a Spell Went Wrong
Chapter the Fourth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Found the Button-Nosed Tortoise and a Great Deal More Trouble as Well
Chapter the Fifth, Which Explains how Abu Ali, Greatly Helped by His Loyal Friends, was Able to Win the Day - and the Story Is Brought to a Close
1975 Puffin paperback
Chapter the First, Which Explains How, Why, When and Where There Was Ever Any Problem in the First Place
Chapter the Second, Which Explains How Abu Ali Began the Search for the Land of Green Ginger, and Introduces Us to the Wicked Prince Tintac Ping Foo
Chapter the Third, Which Explains How Abu Ali Met the Wicked Princes Tintac Ping Foo and Rubdub Ben Thud for the First Time
Chapter the Fourth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Met a Friend
Chapter the Fifth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Attempted a Rescue
Chapter the Sixth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Met a Green Dragon, and How a Spell Went Wrong
Chapter the Seventh, Which Explains the Awful Villainy of the Wicked Princes Over a Magic Carpet
Chapter the Eighth, Which Explains How Abu Ali Found the Button-Nosed Tortoise and a Great Deal More Trouble as Well
Chapter the Ninth, Which Explains How the Wicked Princes Went Back to Their Old Tricks Again
Chapter the Tenth, Which Explains How Sulkpot Ben Nagnag Went Back on His Word
Chapter the Eleventh, Which Explains How Abu Ali, Greatly Helped by Loyal Friends, Was Nearly Able to Win the Day
Chapter the Twelfth, Which Brings the Story to Its Close
[continued in comments]