In the Name of Desire has been one of the most successful gay novels in Brazil since it was first released in Portuguese in the 1980s ( Em Nome Do Desejo ). This is its first translation into English, after almost four decades in print. The novel traces the remembrances of a man who returns to the seminary where he studied as a child. This visit, thirty years after his sudden departure, evokes stirring memories of his time his first love, nascent homosexual desire, the metaphorical agony of Catholic rituals, and the physical harm inflicted by peers and priests alike. As he revisits the halls, his memory wanders throughout the seminary, creating a narrative both liturgical and profane.
João Silvério Trevisan (born June 23, 1944 in Ribeirão Bonito, São Paulo) is Brazilian author, playwright, journalist, screenwriter and film director. In his much-diversified oeuvres, he has published eleven books, among them great works of fiction, essays, short stories, and screenplays. Trevisan has been influential as a literary and cultural critic, particularly on gay and lesbian issues and his works have been translated into English, Spanish, and German.
Early in his career in 1970, Trevisan wrote and directed a feature film, Orgia ou o Homem que Deu Cria, which was censured by the Brazilian military regime for almost ten years. In 1976, however, Trevisan wrote his first book, Testamento de Jônatas Deixado a Davi, and in 1983, Em Nome do Desejo. He subsequently emerged as one of Brazil's more important literary figures due to the enormous quantity and quality of work produced over the course of his career on a variety of topics. In 2010, one of his many short stories, The Secret Friend, was adapted to a short film directed by Flavio Alves. The film was shot in Brooklyn, and entered more than 80 film festivals and won 21 awards all over the world, including Best of the Fest at Palm Springs International Film Festival, the Storyteller Award at Savannah Film Fetival, and the Van Gogh Award at the Amsterdam Film Festival, among others.
Trevisan's best-known literary work, Two Bodies in Vertigoo is part of the anthology The 100 Best Brazilian Story Tales of the Twentieth Century. He has been honored three times with Premix Jabuti, which is the most prestigious Brazilian literary award and three times with the Association of Art Critics of São Paulo (APCA) Award, as well as several other honors. Yet, despite the numerous awards and distinctions, his work has been ignored by the Brazilian mainstream media.
Between 1973 to 1976, Trevisan lived in Mexico and in the United States, where he had direct contact with the gay rights movement. Not surprisingly, in 1978, he founded, SOMOS, the first gay rights organization in Brazil and, in the same year, the first gay news publication, O Lampião da Esquina. In 1982, he started research for his book, Devassos no Paraiso (Perverts in Paradise), which became at the time the most comprehensive study of the history of homosexuality in Brazil.
Written in the format of a traditional question-and-answer catechism, João Silvério Trevisan's novel relays the poignant story of a young gay boy, Tiquinho, living in an austere, Brazilian seminary at the turn of the Second Vatican Council. It is a brutal institution that drives many of the boys to madness. They are rarely permitted to speak; when they walk between classes and chapel, they are told to pray the rosary; they are forbidden from having any personal friendships. In this rigid school of military-grade discipline, the boys have few precious moments of frivolity. Soccer is popular, an opportunity to demonstrate athletic machismo. Once a week, for one hour, they are also allowed to beat up a select victim among themselves in an act of violent humiliation known as the "Bottle Game". Although it is a fervently Catholic seminary, the boys most prize their burgeoning masculinity—some even refuse to shower in order to accumulate smegma under their foreskins, an ostentatious stench and sign of their virility. Pious devotion is mandatory but thuggish brawn still reigns supreme.
Nonetheless, there are, inside this depressingly rigid school, a few boys who prefer mysticism over masculinity. They are maligned as "sissies". Instead of playing soccer, they visit the spiritual director to listen to recordings of Liszt, Rachmaninoff and Tchaikovsky; they read St Teresa d'Avila and St John of the Cross, poring over their erotic mystical canticles. Tiquinho, first among them, is a witty, sensitive boy who gradually becomes infatuated with one of the new boys, Abel Rebebel, and in his naive, horny, earnestly theological mania, comes to believe that the love of Christ must necessarily entail the love of men—a love that has no physical and moral limits. He transposes the "mystery of the Tabernacle" to the "mystery of the bedsheets". "What is the mystery of the Eucharist?" asks the primer; the answer: it is the mystery of semen, the sacrament of communion turned into the liturgy of coitus.
There is a long history of reading St John of the Cross as an early gay writer—John of the Cross, the sixteenth-century Carmelite mystic whose poems achingly long not just for God, but his face and body and breath. In this novel, the Songs of Solomon, the canticles of St John of the Cross, even the scholastic dogmatism of the catechism, provide a language for the seminarians to understand and celebrate their furtive sexual experiences. Although the boys are punished for masturbation, expelled if they are found with another boy, the prayers and readings ironically provide Tiquinho with a vocabulary to express and justify his love for Abel. "My Beloved is for me and I for my Beloved", he thinks, quoting Teresa of Avila, quoting Solomon. Paradoxically, it is the Carmelite mystics who express for him his yearning for communion with a man.
A beautiful, unique novel. It reminded me in a way, with less flashy prose, of Robert Gluck's Margery Kempe.
Surpreendeu-me muito este livro de Trevisan, a começar pela forma como ele nos é apresentado, como um longo flash back, em que o protagonista vai respondendo a um muito original interrogatório de alguém não identificado (talvez ele próprio), sobre os factos passados naquele mesmo lugar, antes um seminário, agora um orfanato. Mas principalmente pela forma como o autor nos apresenta o amor, numa tremenda teia entre o misticismo e a carnalidade, e que devo confessar, me perturbou muito pois nunca tinha olhado para o amor sob a forma mística. A minha religiosidade é algo muito pouco profundo e baseia-se apenas numa relação pessoalíssima entre mim e Deus e assim toda aquela atmosfera do seminário me é quase aterradora, embora a constante recorrência aduas figuras da Igreja me tivessem levado a uma certa curiosidade sobre o tema: S.João da Cruz e principalmente Teresa d'Ávila... Mas o ponto central da narrativa é a relação entre dois seminaristas, o que até nem será muito original, mas a forma como ela nos é mostrada é que algo surpreendente, sempre na ambivalência entre o pecado e o prazer. Aliás, e acredito que este livro, nesse campo, segue a regra geral, o prazer da carne é tão natural aqui num seminário (e não só nos alunos) como em todo o lado e daí reside uma das maiores fracturas entre mim e a religião: porque devem os padres ser castos? Se a tal não fossem obrigados talvez certos factos tristes da actualidade não tivessem a dimensão que têm. Mas e voltando ao livro, Trevisan consegue uma obra invulgar, plena de interesse e que apenas peca, quanto a mim, num exagerado misticismo.
este é o segundo livro que leio do Silvério Trevisan e, apesar de eu ser um tanto crítica ao formato de suas narrativas, é inegável o talento que ele tem para conduzir o leitor por histórias sensíveis e incrivelmente densas. e eu adorei este aqui.
In the Name of Desire was an LGBT work in a very different style than any I have read before. The story is present through a series of questions and answers, so it's really like a collection of reminiscences on what happened, rather than the story actually happening in real time as we read. At times I found this style engaging, but there were moments when it was awkward too. Because of this style of storytelling it was also hard to really establish a plot until about halfway through the book, and even then there was a lot of ambiguity left in place, so it's unclear when you finish reading exactly how things ended. Though I got the impression that was intentional on the author's part. It is probably also worth noting that there may be aspects of certain events in the book that some readers will struggle with, and the blurb hints at that to begin with, so keep it in mind if you are a reader who prefers such warnings. It was certainly and different and interesting read, but not one I'd ever rush to re-read. As such, I am giving it 3.5 stars.
I received this book as a free eBook ARC via Edelweiss in exchange for an honest review.
Thank you to Netgalley and Sundial House for my ARC of this book.
In the Name of Desire is a novel largely written in an interview format. It chronicles the memories of a man returning to the seminary wherein he studied for several years during an incredibly formative period of his life. He describes the strict rules and rigid hierarchies, the harsh punishments for infractions, and the intensely violent ways the boys even policed themselves. It goes on to discuss the sexual dimension of the seminary, the ways shame and repression were drilled into the boys all while the men in charge took advantage of their positions in different ways. The novel also explores the position of the ‘sissy’ boys. The weaker ones, the cleverer ones, the ones who did not like soccer but liked the boys who played it. The protagonist is one of those boys, and the novel explores his struggles to consolidate these feelings with his religious education and also how he fell in love for the first time.
This novel is very sexually explicit in many ways, dealing with emerging male sexuality and puberty very frankly and sometimes romantically, which at times definitely crossed into uncomfortable territory. This, I believe, was intentional, though, especially in order to convey the abuse that was rife in the seminary. While there were boys who were private friends, there were also descriptions of boys being sexually assaulted and taken advantage of by other boys and priests. It creates a real sense of tension, establishing that desire in this environment could quickly become a violent and dangerous thing, while also being something the boys craved, especially considering the rules against touching each other at all. The result is a group of boys unable to express affection and not knowing how to healthy deal with the feelings they have inside. I thought the book also did a really interesting thing by emphasising how dangerousness manifested differently based on ‘type’. The more effeminate boys; the ‘sissies’; are always at more risk in the novel, even if they are not actually gay. Manliness is something the boys are desperate for, but they have limited roadmaps for what that looks like, so they punish anyone that falls short. They are to be manly and virile but also sexually pure and controlled, the contradictions in expectations between ideas of manliness and ideas of holiness are at the heart of this novel, emphasised by the questions the ‘interviewer’ asks.
I really liked the interview format, and at times, the back and forth was like poetry, serving to send home the intended message or theme of a particular section. It is a format I have not read many novels in, but I thought it suited this one really well.
The Publisher Says: In the Name of Desire, first published in Portuguese in the 1980s, is one of the most important Brazilian gay novels. It traces the remembrances of a man who returns to the seminary where he studied as a child. This visit, thirty years after his sudden departure, evokes stirring memories of his time there: his first love, nascent homosexual desire, the metaphorical agony of Catholic rituals, and the physical harm inflicted by peers and priests alike. As he revisits the halls, his memory wanders throughout the seminary, creating a narrative both liturgical and profane.
I RECEIVED A DRC FROM THE PUBLISHER VIA NETGALLEY. THANK YOU.
My Review: Questions and responses, never answers. A lust-soaked catechism of discovering gay desire in adolescence. A bitter, angry disappointed-romantic's coming to terms with coming, and with coming out even when you could never be in. Plotless, though not storyless, this is a read with something to appall everyone in its frankness, its sometimes-you-wish-it-was-squeamish physicality. It might not even be all that meaty and of the flesh were it not for the powerful, passionate spiritual longing and desire that runs alongside and shoots through the bodily awareness of Tiquinho.
Being gay in a world where you're surrounded by the thing you lust after, yet are Forbidden to Touch...and at the peril of your soul, no less, if you fail!...pretty much perfectly explains why priestly celibacy is a risible concept. No normal male will pass the test forever. In failing, he is doomed. Expressing his natural desires dooms him eternally.
No wonder a femme like Tiquinho is drawn to mysticism. Its rejection of the body is very appealing to someone who Believes the absurd nonsense that sexual desires will cause the omniscient, omnipotent Sky-daddy to reject him eternally (the mirror of what Earthly parents all too often do). His embrace of his by-definition unrequited lust for Jesus has, as it so often does, the seeds of his eventual sexual awakening. A man is born!
What I think will be a major stumbling block for many people who would otherwise ring like struck bells to this story is its presentation: It's an interview, though between whom exactly I was never entirely settled in my mind about...older and younger versions of himself? himself and Authority as he's internalized it? An unseen interlocutor?...all or none, it's a very reflective way to tell a story. It also mirrors the Catechism, that combination of indoctrination and reflection that is the source of its power. What made me smile broadest was this mirror of catechism and its probing (!) internal questioning, only about gay desire, lust, love, and awareness. What a delicious subversion of the church's intentions for the form of catechism! Instead of indoctrination, catechism as a form of self-discovery, a path to honesty and knowledge not cant and dogma.
A very physical self-discovery. Be aware that you're going to be in the trenches of an adolescent male's bodily awakening. That might not be to all tastes. I resonated with it because I grew up among women who didn't like maleness. I'd say that isn't too terribly uncommon an experience, at least among the men I've known over the decades. What Tiquinho fetishizes and uses as desire focuses are common to many males whatever their sex lives. But they're dealt with in very physical terms. That won't be to all tastes.
A way to interrogate the power of faith to deform while shaping, the power of love to mangle and destroy while forming a spirit, and the brutal truth of male desire's perversion into control and abuse. It is a difficult book to read and a necessary story to hear.
(This review is based on an advanced reader’s copy provided by NetGalley.)
I should have liked this more than I did—“queer kids at boarding school” is extremely my jam, and lately I’ve been on a kick of reading about adult characters looking back at their grade school years (Idlewild, Speech Team, Pet). But this book has approximately zero plot until 60%. I’m not a very plot-driven reader, but I wanted more plot than this.
The other problem is that when there is plot it’s often unclear, at least to me. At the two most important points in the book, plot-wise—the climax and the ending—I was left uncertain what had happened. Some of the ambiguity is clearly intentional, but I got the feeling that I was supposed to understand more than I did. An ambiguous ending can be enjoyable—the fun is in debating what happens (does the top ever fall in Inception?)—but you have to understand the stakes in order to enjoy the ambiguity (if you don’t know the significance of the top, you don’t care whether it falls or not). And with several of the events of this book, I didn’t understand the setup enough to appreciate the resolution (or lack thereof).
This book reminds me of Rebecca Makkai’s Substack piece about No Knives in the Kitchens of This City, where she observes that the book has a much larger exposition-to-scene ratio than she was expecting. This book is mostly exposition and summary rather than scenes; there’s very little dialogue. Which makes sense, I suppose, since it’s the novel equivalent of a memory play.
The book is structured as a long Q&A: “Who were the characters?” “What is the intrigue of this drama?” “Why is it said that the Rector did not approve the means?” Occasionally this feels awkward, but for the most part it works better than you’d expect, and can be quite charming.
Other things I liked:
-The prose, which is often lush and poetic (e.g. the main character feels “uproar in every pore” when in the presence of the boy he loves) -It’s sometimes quite funny, definitely more than I’d expected (the bullfighter essay...ifykyk) -The Little Prince allusions made me tear up -It’s very different from the current crop of, like, pastel romances where everyone talks in Tumblr cliches. It’s a book that’s frank about queer teen desire, and not in a safe sanitized way. The characters are unambiguously horny; there’s panty-sniffing and bodily fluids and underage gay sex at Catholic school.
I would comp this to Lie With Me (but with less plot and less clarity on what happens) and Spring in Siberia (but less strongly grounded in time and place).
I loved the idea of this book so so much. However, I just could not connect with this piece at all. Maybe it was the translation. Maybe it was the writing.
To quote R.F. Kuang: “Translation means doing violence upon the original, means warping and distorting it for foreign, unintended eyes. So then where does it leave us? How can we conclude, except by acknowledging that an act of translation is then necessarily always an act of betrayal?”.
So I cannot fully “rate” this book because I genuinely do not think it was the original text that was awkward and wrong, but the translation itself. This book would have been pure perfection if read in its original language and read during the blistering heat of July. I hope this book finds its audience, but sadly that was not me.
Very odd book this. I wouldn’t say I am exclusively a plot person but I am primarily. For me the point of a novel is to tell a story, and that is very difficult to do when you have no plot. This book was very ambiguous which obviously is by design but it is too vague. There is so little plot that it is hard to discern even the most basic of plots that the author is trying to talk about. Also the way it is written as basically a long Q and A makes it very hard to get into not just the story but the characters. And if I can’t get into either than there is nothing particularly of interest to keep me engaged. Ultimately wasn’t a fan of this one at all.
The book was written as a fake interview between a gay narrator revisiting his closeted childhood in a seminary and a disembodied interlocutor. However, the interview questions did not flow from one passage of intense religious trauma to the other, and honestly made no sense. The entire thing just felt awkward to read, and I felt completely disconnected from the story. While the premise is all about subtle messages and hidden identities, the book basically analyzed its own metaphors and stripped away all engagement that fiction usually demands. I would’ve liked the themes of the story to reflect in the prose.
Nem sei o que comentar sobre esse romance perturbador, porque me senti numa catequese com metáforas eróticas. Nunca imaginei que veria alguém relacionar o pênis e os pelos pubianos de Jesus com o pênis do homem que está apaixonado. E jamais achei que veria a frase “Eu sou do meu amado e o meu amado é meu”, ser um usada em um contexto erótico novamente depois de Os Instrumentos Mortais.
Translation of a book that is a LGBTQIA classic in Brazil, and focuses around a man returning to the Catholic school where he was raised, and the homosexual desire and romance he found with one of the boys at the school, juxtaposed against the brutality of the rituals and the Catholic adults. The whole thing is written in the form of question and answer, which is always a neat thing to see formatting wise. Definitely worth picking up.
Hey all! this was a gorgeously unique, stunning work discussing masculinity, piousness, and how LGBTQ+ (specifically gay love here) can thrive within a catholic boys school. would recommend. thanks for the ARC, and cheers!
La temática me cautiva especialmente. El formato de interrogatorio para narrar la historia me pareció original, pero queda medio en las sombras el por qué. Tengo algunas hipótesis que el texto sugiere, que creo que podrían haberse explotado un poco más. Seminaristas que se aman siempre está bien 🔥
How does one begin? With a trigger warning...? With recommending this novel? With advising against reading this novel?
Perhaps João Silvério Trevisan had a similar moment of pause before setting pen to paper: how to begin? What to say? Calling things by their proper names might seem vulgar, but being coy about them can mask their nature. How can the conundrum be solved?
"In the Name of Desire" is a story about-... no. That's a lie. If I call it a story, people will expect a plot, but there is none. A teenage boy studying in a Catholic seminar falls in love with another boy, and then they have an ugly breakup. That's all the plot there is, and it's mostly a pretext.
The book is about the world of the Catholic seminar, where poor boys are offered food, lodging and learning in the hopes that some of them will become priests one day. The rules are draconic: boys are barely allowed to speak to each other outside of allotted times. Their schedules are very strict. They aren't allowed to have "private friendships", which might mean anything from close friendships to romantic relationships. They engage in brutal play, with the approval of authority figures. And, of course, they're supposed to attend numerous services and learn about saints and Christian dogma.
Tiquinho, our hero, is a young boy who spends a few years at the seminar. His body isn't very masculine and he's often the target of bullying; he has strong sexual urges, which many of the student body share; and he's mystically inclined. He takes the teachings of the priests to heart, and interprets his whole life through them. He loves Jesus in a deeply sensual fashion. He falls deeper and deeper into Christianity with a passion that seems lustful, and a desire to be martyred for love. Worldly lost and feelings of Christian charity intertwine in his mind, until they're one and the same. When he falls in love with another boy, the mystical tendency becomes so pronounced it turns almost into delirium and madness.
The story is told mostly as an interview - the interviewer seems to be one with the narrator, sometimes mentioning events that no outsider is privy to. It's stream-of-consciousness with two personas, one asking leading questions, the other giving short answers. What's surprising is that it works so well: it's engaging, despite the aforementioned lack of a proper plot.
The style allows the narrator to jump through disjointed memories, going back and forth in time, presenting a world that's temporary and eternal, closed off and yet enormous, a place with its own rules and expectations. Once the stage is set, the interviewee can report on memories with clinical detachment, calling himself by his nickname, rather than referring to himself in first person, allowing both a cold, analytical listing of practices and events, and a certain dubious unreliability of a narrator who's merely pretending to be objective.
"In the Name of Desire" quickly becomes a very uncomfortable read. Between its cool reporting of emergent sexuality in a highly repressed, all-male environment, in minute detail oscillating between lascivious and repulsive, its very lustful view on the abuses of priests as seen through the eyes of besotted teens, its violence and its religious delirium, there's something here to appall anyone. But it's obvious that the discomfort and horror are intentional. The narrator insists on seeing his time at the seminar through the mystical lens of young Tiquinho, viewing even the most lurid situations in a sacred light - but do we? Or do we see it as brainwashing, as an escape out of a strict, impossibly restricting cage through madness? Is it not a spit in the face of a church, a way to turn its own tools against it, to corrupt its discourse to show its rotten core?
I would like to thank NetGalley and the publisher for the ARC received in exchange for an honest review.
Gostei da forma da escrita, mas achei que a história demora muito a chegar, tem muita descrição do ambiente e do contexto e falta no conflito dos personagens principais, ainda que uma história bem sensível e bonita.