Viss plašais tēlu un darbības norišu loks centrējas ap galveno varoni Žanu Valžānu. Žans Valžāns tiek notiesāts katorgā tāpēc, ka ir paņēmis klaipiņu maizes, lai remdētu postā nonākušās māsas nelaimīgo bērnu izsalkumu. Nokļuvis katorgā, izstumts no sabiedrības, viņš jūtas kā cilvēks, kas vētrā noskalots no kuģa un izmisumā noraugās pakaļ aizejošā kuģa ugunīm. Kad Valžānu, pusmūža vīru, no katorgas atbrīvo, viņa sirds no netaisnības un pārestībām kļuvusi cieta, jo arī tagad - brīvībā - viņa priekšā aizveras visas durvis. Vienīgi Diņas bīskaps Miriels neliedz viņam patvērumu. Bet naktī, prom iedams, Valžāns paņem bīskapa galda sudrabu (vienīgo vērtību, kas viņam vēl pieder, jo visu citu viņš jau ir atdevis nabagiem). Kad Valžānu notver, bīskaps pasaka, ka šīs lietas ir Valžānam dāvinājis, un iedod viņam arī sudraba svečturus.
Šī skaidrā, cēlā mīlestība apvērš Žana Valžāna dvēseli. Viņš kļūst par cilvēku draugu un glābēju. Un Žana Valžāna rūpēs par citiem liktenis saista viņu ar Kozetes, Mariusa un citu romāna varoņu dzīves gaitām. Svečturus Valžāns glabā visu mūžu kā dārgāko talismanu, jo par tiem bīskaps ir nopircis viņa dvēseli.
After Napoleon III seized power in 1851, French writer Victor Marie Hugo went into exile and in 1870 returned to France; his novels include The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1831) and Les Misérables (1862).
This poet, playwright, novelist, dramatist, essayist, visual artist, statesman, and perhaps the most influential, important exponent of the Romantic movement in France, campaigned for human rights. People in France regard him as one of greatest poets of that country and know him better abroad.
Quotes from Vol. III - Marius p. 117-118 "The burning blushes of poverty - It is an admirable and a terrible trial, from which the weak come forth infamous and the strong sublime. It is the crucible into which destiny throws a man whenever it requires a scoundrel or a demi-god. Many great deeds are performed in minor struggles. There are obstinate and unknown heroes who defend themselves inch by inch in the shadows against the fatal invasion of want and turpitude. Theirs are noble and mysterious triumphs which no eye sees, no renown rewards, and no flourish of trumpets salutes. Life, misfortune, isolation, abandonment, and poverty are battle-fields which have their heroes, obscure heroes who are sometimes greater than illustrious heroes."
p. 121 "Debt is the beginning of slavery. A creditor is worse than a master; for a master only holds your person, while a creditor holds your dignity and may insult it."
Volume IV - St. Denis p. 1 "At intervals, truth, - that daylight of the human soul, - is seen shining there."
p. 6 "Right triumphant needs no violence. Right is justice and truth. It is the property of right to remain eternally beautiful and pure."
p. 18 "Any man deemed good by history, in which goodness is a rare pearl, is almost superior to one who was great."
p. 205 "One of the magnanimities of woman is to yield. Love, at that elevation where is is absolute, is complicated by a certain celestial blindness of modesty. But what dangers you incur, ye noble souls! You often give the heart, and we take the body. Your heart is left you, and you look at it in the darkness with a shudder. Love has no middle term; it either saves or destroys. This dilemma is the whole of human destiny. No fatality offers this dilemma of ruin or salvation more inexorably than does love. Love is life, if it be not death. It is a cradle, but also a coffin. Of all the things which God has made, the human heart is the one which gives out the most light, and , alas! the most darkness.