A guide, written principally for tropical and subtropical countries, covering biology examinations which are taken generally at the end of five years of secondary education. It includes a course outline that covers, in the form of detailed and comprehensive theory notes, all the topics on the syllabuses; full instructions for all the basic practical work, together with materials needed, and guidelines on expected results; multiple choice and longer questions for each of the 21 content chapters, together with answers; special chapters on how to develop practical skills, and hints on dealing with data, revision and examinations; notes for the teacher on the preparation of reagents needed for practical work.