A Curtain of Green and Other Stories is Eudora Welty’s first book, and this beautiful collection of short fiction, originally published in 1941, marks the beginning of a long, distinguished literary career. This is a book I’ve reread and taught several times, and each time I revisit these stories, I feel as if I’m catching up with an old friend. As is the case with outstanding fiction, I also see new elements in the stories each time I reread them. I recommend this collection for its diversity of subject matter: a former freak-show worker who was known as “Keela, the Outcast Indian Maiden;” a jazz musician whose wife may or may not have killed herself; an elderly grandmother who makes long, arduous walks into the nearest town to procure medicine for her grandchild. Indeed, after reading this collection, you will undoubtedly feel that Ms. Welty could write stories about almost any conceivable subject.
Humor plays important roles in several of the stories, and I want to mention a few words about two stories: “The Petrified Man” and “Why I Live at the P.O.” These stories are similar in the fact that the humor emanates from the characters. First, in “The Petrified Man,” Mrs. Fletcher is a woman extremely concerned with appearances. The entire story takes place in a beauty parlor while Mrs. Fletcher is having her hair fixed by Leota, and almost the entire story is told through dialog. Early in the story, Leota mentions Mrs. Pike, a new friend. For reasons that aren’t entirely clear, Mrs. Fletcher views Mrs. Pike as a threat, and she continually reasserts her superiority to Mrs. Pike. Together, Leota and Mrs. Pike, who is seen only through Leota’s stories, attend a freak show. Mrs. Pike loves the “freaks,” and this implies, of course, that she welcomes differences. Mrs. Fletcher, however, emphatically states that she “detests freaks.” The differences in opinion between Mrs. Fletcher and Mrs. Pike are the foundations for much of the story’s humor, and Welty skillfully develops a rounded character with Mrs. Pike, even though Mrs. Pike is never seen in the story directly. While they attend the freak show, Leota and Mrs. Pike see a petrified man, a man whose food digests in his joints and turns to stone. Later, Mrs. Pike identifies the petrified man as an imposter, a man named Mr. Petrie, someone who raped four women in California. Mrs. Pike receives $500 from the police as a reward for leading to Petrie’s capture, and this infuriates Leota because the freak show where Petrie was hiding was close to her beauty parlor. “The Petrified Man” explores themes of class, gender, and appearances, and it does so in a way that’s extremely humorous. Ultimately, Leota serves as a connector between Mrs. Fletcher and Mrs. Pike’s characters.
Mrs. Pike’s ability to “see” others for who they truly are threatens Mrs. Fletcher, who is focused on outward appearances. Similarly, in the story “Why I Live at the P.O.,” the return of Stella-Ronda threatens the security of Sister. In her introduction to A Curtain of Green and Other Stories, Katherine Anne Porter describes Sister as “a terrifying case of dementia praecox.” Indeed, Sister’s actions are over-the-top and her first-person perspective is unreliable. However, I would like to make the argument that Sister verbally abuses Stella-Rondo and alienates her entire family because she feels invisible. Sister’s aggression manifests itself in a series of neurotic acts, all aimed at attracting her family’s attention. In addition, Welty uses humor to raise intriguing questions about Sister’s character: Is Sister unaware of how contentious she actually is? Is Sister intentionally trying to be funny, or is she using humor as a defense mechanism? Is she mad (angry) or Mad (insane)? Other family members show preference to Stella-Ronda because she left China Grove, Mississippi, so at the story’s conclusion, Sister also leaves home. She takes all of her “valuables:” the electric oscillating fan, the sewing-machine motor, the Hawaiian ukulele, etc. and moves into China Grove’s post office, where she works. Like Mrs. Fletcher, Sister feels the need to continually assert her superiority, and both women are performers. They desperately need audiences.
A Curtain of Green and Other Stories both entertains and disturbs. The characters in these stories are memorable, and the stories themselves are some of the most influential short fiction from the early twentieth century.