A witty, erudite celebration of fifty great Italian cultural achievements that have significantly influenced Western civilization from the authors of What Are the Seven Wonders of the World? The word "sprezzatura," or the art of effortless mastery, was coined in 1528 by Baldassare Castiglione in The Book of the Courtier . No one has demonstrated effortless mastery throughout history quite like the Italians. From the Roman calendar and the creator of the modern orchestra (Claudio Monteverdi) to the beginnings of ballet and the creator of modern political science (Niccolò Machiavelli), Sprezzatura highlights fifty great Italian cultural achievements in a series of fifty information-packed essays in chronological order.
Switzerland gave us the cuckoo clock and cheese with holes.
Russia gave us vodka and matryoska dolls.
Over the last 2000 years, Italian engineers, poets, architects, musicians, artists, and writers have given civilization the modern calendar, the arch, a road system that has endured since Caesar, a model of laws and government of checks and balances, a system of banking and insurance, the first studies of anatomy, astronomy, and electricity.
And how can we value the contributions of Boccaccio, Dante, Bernini, Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Brunelleschi, Verdi, and Puccini? To name just a few geniuses whose creativity has not been surpassed.
In one book, "Sprezzatura" compiles a list of 50 contributions Italy has given the world with historical essays that capture in a few pages the accomplishments of Italian geniuses.
Read it before you go to Italy . . . after you return . . . or if your interests include any of these subjects.
I've dipped into it many times and have gifted it to friends. I doubt it's ever been regifted.
Funzionalità e bellezza sono la vera essenza della civiltà italiana, almeno così come la stessa è vista ed apprezzata all’estero, e non sempre ricordata qui da noi. Sin dal principio il “genio” italiano ha mirato ad essere pratico, con i piedi per terra, cercando sopratutto di “fare” le cose, senza tralasciare per questo l’idea di armonia, bellezza e splendore. Un acquedotto romano non deve essere soltanto funzionale ma deve anche essere pieno di curve e ben proporzionato. Uomini come Dante, Giotto, Donatello, Masaccio riuscirono a portare il realismo nella loro arte in maniera piacevole e aggraziante. Il merito maggiore del genio degli Italiani del Rinascimento, è quello di essere riusciti a creare cose utili per la vita nel campo delle leggi, della filosofia politica, nella conduzione degli affari, nelle scienze applicate, nelle esplorazioni, nella poesia, nella musica, nelle arti visive, nella moda, nel cinema e in innumerevoli altre arti della vita e di lasciarne l’eredità agli Italiani di oggi. Checchè se ne dica. Quando Baldassarre Castiglione consiglia al suo cortigiano ideale di fare ogni cosa con una certa “sprezzatura” non intende il termine nel senso con il quale lo ritrovate in un dizionario moderno. Egli, al contrario, sta avanzando dei consigli su come fare le cose pratiche (anche la stesura di un sonetto per lui è una cosa pratica!), che siano fatte con stile ed eleganza in modo da farle apparire facili. Questa specie di “pragmatismo estetico” trova le sue radici nella grande tradizione italiana dell’artigianato, il quale in tutti i tempi ha dato prova ed evidenza di sapere fare nei campi del disegno, delle costruzioni, dello stile. Nulla di metafisico, astratto, ponderoso, ciò non di meno superficiale o inconsistente. Anzi, qualcosa di profondo e reale, com’è il caso di personaggi della misura di San Francesco, Galileo, Michelangelo, San Tommaso.
Un recente libro pubblicato negli USA che porta il titolo di “Sprezzatura: 50 modi in cui il Genio italiano ha forgiato il mondo” è una accurata e precisa disamina delle caratteristiche fondanti del genio italiano nel tempo. Si va dalla creazione del calendario romano alla Repubblica Romana, passando per il genio di Giulio Cesare e della porpora dell’Impero. La rivoluzione del verso di Catullo si incrocia con i grandi costruttori edili del mondo antico romano. L’invenzione della satira aiuta a vivere insieme ai miti e alla poesia di Ovidio. La Legge Romana apre la via al fondatore del monachesimo benedettino occidentale, custode della eredità di Roma. Le prime Scuole mediche di Salerno e Bologna segnano l’inizio dell’era moderna insieme alla comparsa dell’ “alter Christus” San Francesco d’Assisi e allo “stupor mundi” che fu l’Imperatore Federico II re di Sicilia e di Gerusalemme.
San Tommaso d’Acquino è il titano della teologia seguito da Dante e dalla sua Comedia. Seguono banchieri, contabili e capitalisti fiorentini i quali ebbero anche modo di ascoltare e leggere non solo le liriche dell’inventore di questo genere poetico che fu Petrarca, ma anche i primi racconti del realismo letterario occidentale del Boccaccio. L’attivismo religioso e mistico di Santa Caterina da Siena fa da contrappunto all’uso della lingua visiva rinascimentale impiegata da artisti quali il Brunelleschi, Donatello e Masaccio. Lorenzo Ghiberti apre le “Porte del Paradiso” mentre Cosimo e Lorenzo de’ Medici diventano i patroni delle arti e della cultura del loro tempo. Sigismondo Malatesta è il primo condottiero ad avere una visione mentre con Leonardo da Vinci appare l’uomo del Rinascimento e dell’eterno enigma. Appaiono quindi all’orizzonte del mondo conosciuto Colombo, Caboto, Vespucci e Verrazzano mentre Machiavelli fa sorgere l’alba della scienza politica moderna e Michelangelo è il rappresentante sommo dell’ingegno umano.
In Castiglione il termine “sprezzatura” caratterizza il perfetto gentiluomo del tempo mentre Pietro l’Aretino, scrittore indipendente e pornografo si proclama “segretario del mondo”. Giovanni della Casa e il suo “Galateo” anticipano forme, contenuti e comportamenti moderni alla stessa maniera di come il Palladio dà forma ai suoi edifici. Caterina de’ Medici diventa gran madre della cucina francese e l’Euridice di Jacopo Peri dà vita all’opera lirica facendola nascere dalla tragedia. Galileo getta le fondamenta della scienza moderna al suono di due nuovi strumenti che nascono dal genio italiano: il violino ed il piano. Questi suonano le note del padre della musica moderna che va sotto il nome di Claudio Monteverdi. Che dire poi degli splendori del Barocco del Bernini che si incrociano con i pionieri della moderna anatomia: Eustachio, Falloppio, Malpighi, Morgagni ed altri? Il diritto penale trova il suo inventore in Cesare Beccaria, l’elettricità in Galvani e Volta, mentre Venezia diventa una sinfonia di pietre, acqua, colori e musica. Appare all’orizzonte il primo vero pessimista europeo, il grande Giacomo Leopradi, mentre Giuseppe Garibaldi fa nascere un’Italia mai unita prima. Appare e scompare l’ultimo Principe rinascimentale, Gabriele d’Annunzio, mentre Maria Montessori con “La Dottoressa” fonda la scienza dell’educazione infantile, Marconi inventa la radio, Enrico Fermi è il padre della bomba atomica. Roberto Rossellini e il suo cinema neorealista si affiancano in questa carrellata di geni italici a Tommasi di Lampedusa col suo “Gattopardo” che sembra misurarsi con la Ferrari sulla strada della perfezione tracciata con “sprezzatura” dal genio italiano.
Without having read this yet, I have to comment that during my recent time in Italy, I mentioned this word at least twice to different Italian friends, and they said, "Um, that means nothing." _____ Post-reading: It was good—interesting and well written—but dear me, it was a slog. I'm not sure why. Maybe it was just a little too wide ranging. I think I zoned on some of the historical personages essays. Some of my favorites (unsurprisingly?) were the literary ones.
I bought this in 2002 in preparation for a scheduled trip to Italy that we cancelled owing to a warning from the U.S. State Department that Americans would be targeted for harm in Italy, accompanied by advice that essentially said, "don't go". So, I filed this book away. For 20 years.
Well, it’s 2022, Covid is receding, and we finally took a similar trip, from Florence to Rome to Sicily, to Urbino and Venice. Reading this book was fun. I’m not sure how scholarly the author’s approach is, but when it comes to society, this book leads one to believe that all things civilized came from the historical figures in Italy. Banking, French Cuisine, Opera, Architecture – it all started here (I’m still in Italy as I write this).
I hope it’s all corroborated elsewhere because it’s a wonderful thing, if true. The authors cite many sources, to be sure.
Anyone going to Italy that is not well-versed in Italian history will find this book a useful read before they take their trip.
This is a collection of 50 short essay about Italian culture. I picked it up given my family history and would read an essay or two before falling asleep. The book provided an easy way to learn more about Italian and Roman history. For instance, I learned that an earlier version of the Gregorian calendar in global use today was introduced by Julius Caesar, who followed his scientific advisors' advice to institute a purely solar calendar, with 12 months of 30 or 31 days each. In medieval times, leap years were added. I also learned about the Medici family, who exhibited some of the philanthropic activity so celebrated in American culture, in which wealthy individuals support the arts and education. While this book is not a masterpiece of writing (it includes too much fully language) nor research, I enjoyed its contents.
This was good. Being a non-fiction, historical chronicle, I can't say that it was a page turner. However, the chapters on each achievement are short and interesting. Plus, the book is written in chronological order which worked well in that in broke up the subject matter. I wish I had read it before I went to Italy last year, but I will return with some new perspective.
I enjoyed this book, mostly, except that I found that in some of the fifty great personalities, the life was taken from Wikipedia, almost word by word. That aside, it is a good book and I would recommend it, but if compared to “A Letterary Tour of Italy” by Tim Parks, this one looses a lot.
It would be very difficult to point out another group of people that have had more influence on the Western World.
Best chapters are Julius Ceasar, Thomas Aquinas, Dante, da Vinvi, Columbus, Garibaldi, Montessori, Ferrari, and the chapter about Volta and electricity.
Heavily focused on the liberal arts with only a few chapters on Italian contributions in science and engineering. With that said, the chapters were interesting and informative but not easy to read.
50 more reasons to love all things Italian. This is not a book to read for hours on end. I took my time and read a couple of chapters each day. My new mantra is "Sprezzatura". I love the concept, and Italian design truly epitomizes the term.
This book of essays is a good companion guide to other books set in historical Italy. I have been surprised how often the word, "sprezzatura" has appeared in novels and journals that I have recently read. There is good background information about Italy's role in the history of literature, art, architecture, design, and theology. Probably a better reference guide than a book to read from beginning to end.
This book was a gift from my flamboyant Art History Teacher in preparation for Italy Study Abroad. It includes true accounts on the major players durring the Rennaissance in Florence and Rome. So detailed I got a little lost, but greatful for the way it made piazzas and cathedrals come to life.
Each chapter is devoted to an Italian who changed history. Would be more interesting to read in pieces rather than all at once--was filled with a few too many details that have quickly faded from my memory.
A truly lovely collection of essays on famous Italians through the ages. A must read for any paisano who wishes to learn of his cultural heritage. There are more detailed biographies but for sheer reading pleasure this little volume is hard to beat.
A wonderful collection of essays that really explores some of the great, groundbreaking moments in history. From science to art, literature to fashion, war to religion, many of the most revolutionary moments happened in Italy. Well worth the read.
Interesting read. However, since every chapter was an essay written by different authors some were interesting read and well written and some were boring and read like a dry research paper. But it was still interesting to learn about various Italian inventions and achievements.
A great book I read after my first trip to Italy! It invites the reader to further read and explore important works of literature, art, music and significant contributions made by the Italians.
50 Essays on famous Italians, Italian inventions and institutions: some good, some pretty bad. The modern venacular translations of Latin poetry were just horrible.
The idea was sound - 50 short essays on culturally and scientifically important topics produced by Italians. While I learned something new, it was, in the end, pretty superficial.