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82 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 1983
Jamaica Kincaid is a word witch, a sentence sorceress. At the Bottom of the River is a collection of her short stories in the form of prose poetry. It is composed of stories that first appeared in The New Yorker and The Paris Review between 1978 and 1983. My three favourite stories in the collection are “Girl,” “In the Night,” and “My Mother.”
“Girl” is a list of a Caribbean mother’s instructions to her daughter on how to perform household chores and behave like a “lady”:
“Always eat your food in such a way that it won’t turn someone else’s stomach; on Sundays try to walk like a lady and not like the slut you are so bent on becoming; don’t sing benna in Sunday school; you mustn’t speak to wharf-rat boys, not even to give directions . . .” (p. 3)
The litany of the mother’s instructions is interrupted only twice by her daughter’s feeble attempts to defend herself. The story is humorous, but it also shows the incredible amount of power the mother figure exerts over her daughter. The daughter is clearly expected to conform to rigid rules and do a great deal of domestic labour in order to satisfy her mother’s expectations and be a “good” girl. Beneath the surface humour lies a not-so-subtle tyranny.
To me, the most beautiful story in the collection is “In the Night.” It doesn’t have a plot; it’s up to the reader to make connections between the various word images. The story is populated by ghosts and other supernatural creatures: “The night-soil men can see a bird walking in trees. It isn’t a bird. It is a woman who has removed her skin and is on her way to drink the blood of her secret enemies.” (p. 6)
In the last part of the story, the narrator expresses a desire to marry a woman when she grows up:
“Now I am a girl, but one day I will marry a woman—a red-skin woman with black bramblebush hair and brown eyes, who wears skirts that are so big I can easily bury my head in them. I would like to marry this woman and live with her in a mud hut near the sea. . . . This woman I would like to marry knows many things, but to me she will only tell about things that would never dream of making me cry; and every night, over and over, she will tell me something that begins, ‘Before you were born.’ I will marry a woman like this, and every night, every night, I will be completely happy.” (p. 11–12)
The woman the narrator wants to marry is a fantasy amalgam of mother, friend, and lover. This passage expresses a longing to return to being a little girl with one’s mother and remaining in that idyllic state forever.
“My Mother” is a mythical story composed of a series of dreamlike scenes. It’s about two goddesses: a teenage girl and her mother. These goddess creatures are able to change form in the blink of an eye, becoming snakelike creatures (“I too traveled along on my white underbelly, my tongue darting and flickering in the hot air,” p. 55) or super tall and powerful (My mother has grown to an enormous height. I have grown to an enormous height also, but my mother’s height is three times mine,” p. 58).
The daughter adores her mother but also fears her and, at times, even wants to destroy her. Although the tone of this story is that of a myth, there is no moral at the end, no winner or loser. Mother and daughter are two halves of a whole, forever destined to compete with each other while being inextricably linked.
“I fit perfectly in the crook of my mother’s arm, on the curve of her back, in the hollow of her stomach. We eat from the same bowl, drink from the same cup; when we sleep, our heads rest on the same pillow. As we walk through the rooms, we merge and separate, merge and separate; soon we shall enter the final stage of our evolution.” (p. 60)
Many of the stories in the collection are about a mother-daughter relationship. Kincaid’s novels Annie John and Lucy also examine this theme. Reading At the Bottom of the River helped me get a deeper sense of the enormous impact Kincaid’s mother must have had on her. Although I didn’t love this book as much as I had hoped, the stories gave me a wonderful opportunity to slip into alternate realms where anything is possible.