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الفيل والتنين: صعود الهند والصين ودلالة ذلك لنا جميعا

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فتحت الصين أبوابها على مصاريعها للعالم الخارجي في العام 1978، وهو ما لم تفعله الهند إلا في العام 1991، ومن ثم بدأت حظوظ الدولتين في التغير. وبعد 25 سنة من تلك "الإصلاحات الاقتصادية" زادت الدخول في الصين إلى الضعف مقارنة بالهند، وفي 2003 تجاوز 87% من الصينيين خط الفقر المقدّر بدولار في اليوم، بينما لم يتجاوزه سوى 69% من الهنود.

واستثمرت الشركات الأجنبية 7.5 مليارات دولار في الهند خلال السنة المالية المنتهية في 2006، بينما يستثمر المبلغ نفسه في الصين كل ستة أسابيع. وهكذا يتحرك اقتصاد الهند بطيئاً متثاقلاً، بينما تحلق الصين في السماء على طريق المستقبل (ص 16-17).
وبعد ذلك الإنجاز الصيني المدهش، تتساءل المؤلفة: كيف كان ذلك؟ الهند مجتمع ديمقراطي متنوع الثقافات واللغات، ويتحدث أغلبية سكانها الإنجليزية، وبها نظام قضائي راسخ ومستقر، وتربطها بالغرب روابط كثيرة لا حصر لها، وكل هذا بعكس حال الصين.
ولكن ثمة شيئاً واحداً مشتركاً بين البلدين: وهو أن تحولاتهما والطريقة التي سيحولان بها الكوكب حدث يذهل العالم الذي لم يشهد مثله منذ ظهور أميركا على مسرح الاقتصاد العالمي. وهنا تشير المؤلفة إلى أن الكتاب يحكي قصة تغيّر الصين والهند، وكيف تغيران مصير العالم (ص 18-19).

أين التقى ماو الطبقة الوسطى
يتكون هذا الكتاب من تسعة فصول: تتناول المؤلفة في الفصل الأول (أين التقى ماو الطبقة الوسطى، 23-54) الدور الخطير الذي تلعبه الطبقة الوسطى في تحقيق التنمية والتمرد على الدكتاتورية وقد تعرضت المؤلفة للمجاعة الكبرى التي واجهت الصينيين، ثم أوردت المؤلفة قصة اجتماع بعض الريفيين في 1978 للخروج عن نسق "شيوعية ماو" والمتمثلة في "المزارع الجماعية"، فأعادوا تقسيم الأراضي الزراعية بطريقة تفعّل دور الأسرة مما زاد الإنتاج إلى أربعة أضعاف، وقد هيأت تلك الإصلاحات الزراعية لشرارة التغييرات الكبرى في الصين.
كما تم التعرض لمفاصل المشروع الإصلاحي الشيوعي لـ"ماو" الذي توفي عام 1976، وخلفه "دينغ" الذي سمح للفلاحين بأن يدخلوا في مجال الصناعات ليصل عدد المشاريع إلى 22 مليون وذلك بعد 25 سنة من بداية المشروع الإصلاحي.
وقد زار "دينغ" العديد من الدول منها سنغافورة للتعرف على تجاربهم والإفادة منها ثم شرع في وضع برنامج إصلاحي تدريجي يقوم على الصناعة والتحول إلى اقتصاد السوق تحت لافتة مقبولة سياسياً "اشتراكية ذات خصائص صينية"، ثم أعدوا خطة لتحقيق نمو بمعدل 8% سنوياً لتأسيس تنين اقتصادي أبدي، وهو ما حققوه فعلاً.

من دولاب الغزل إلى أسلاك الألياف البصرية
بينما يركّز الفصل الثاني (من دولاب الغزل إلى أسلاك الألياف البصرية، 55-82) على التجربة الإصلاحية الهندية، وتقفز المؤلفة بنا إلى 1991، وهو عام وصل عدد الذين هم تحت خط الفقراء إلى 230 مليون نسمة، وانهارت الموارد المالية الحكومية، ووصلت إلى حد الإفلاس، مع مشاكل سياسية خطيرة، فما الذي حدث بعد ذلك؟
بعد اغتيال "راجيف غاندي" في 21-5-1991، تولى "نارشيما راو" رئاسة الحكومة، وعين العالم الاقتصادي "مانموهان سينغ" وزيراً للمالية، حيث تولى وضع خطة إصلاح اقتصادية واسعة، مما دفع بصندوق النقد الدولي إلى تقديم قروض، وأعلن في الهند عن الاستمرار في إدخال إصلاحات هيكلية ضخمة تقوم على تشجيع الصناعة، ودعوة المستثمرين إلى الدخول في الصناعات، وقد أدت تلك الإصلاحات إلى نتائج اقتصادية مذهلة.
وقد أشارت المؤلفة إلى أن الهند قد تأخرت كثيراً في "عزلتها"، كما تعرضت الكاتبة إلى تأثير أفكار كل من "غاندي" و"نهرو" على الثقافة الهندية كما تطرقت إلى جهود "جامستي تاتا" في تحقيق الاكتفاء الذاتي والقوة الاقتصادية بدءا من العام 1868، ثم عرجت على المفاصل والمشاريع الإصلاحية الهندية، ومنها تجربة "نارايانا مورثي" أو "بيل غيتس الهند" وكيف استطاع أن يؤسس للتقدم الحاسوبي في الهند.
كما أشارت المؤلفة إلى أن الهنود بدؤوا يحولون أنظارهم نحو الصين بصفتها "ملهماً" لهم، وقد اعترف الهنود بأن الصينيين قد سبقوهم كثيراً، إلا أنهم عازمون على الالحاق بهم، كما اعترف الهنود بأن "البنية الأساسية" هي المشكلة الكبرى التي يواجهونها، وفي كلمة لها دلالات هامة، قال أحد ساسة الهند: الصين قادرة على السير بحركة الإصلاح بشكل أسرع لأن نظامها دكتاتوري. وأنا أقول: هذا يعني أن الدكتاتورية إذا كانت مخلصة فإنها تحمل بذورا مفيدة للإصلاح مع قبحها.

صناعة أميركية
أما الفصل الثالث (صناعة أميركية، 83-108) فقد استعرضت فيه المؤلفة بعض مظاهر التقدم الاقتصادي كما تناولت بعض المشاكل الكبرى التي تواجهها الصين للمحافظة على ذلك التقدم.
وقد ركزت المؤلفة على اتباع الصين سياسة جذب الاستثمارات الأجنبية مما أسهم في دخول عدد كبير من الشركات متعددة الجنسيات التي وجدت الصين سوقا يحقق لها: تخفيض التكاليف مع نمو مستمر في العائد، وكمثال على ذلك وفرت الشركات الأميركية العاملة في الصين سبعين مليار دولار في عام 2005، ليس ذلك فحسب بل مارست الصين إغراء شديداً للمستثمر الأجنبي من خلال الاكفتاء بمبالغ ضئيلة كعوائد، وقد أشارت المؤلفة إلى معالم الفساد المستشري في الصين.

طريق التوابل عبر الإنترنت
في حين أن الفصل الرابع (طريق التوابل عبر الإنترنت، 109-140) تخصصه المؤلفة لتحليل العوامل التي دفعت الشركات الأجنبية إلى نقل وظائف ذوي الياقات البيض عبر البحار Offshoring وتحديداً في الهند، وأشارت إلى بعض التقديرات التي تذهب إلى انتقال ثلاثمائة ألف وظيفة أميركية سنوياً لمدة ثلاثين سنة.
وقد شبهت المؤلفة الصين بأنها أصبحت "مصنع العالم" في حين باتت الهند هي "المكتب الخلفي" Back Office للعالم، وتشرح المؤلفة كيفية ومراحل انتقال وظائف ذوي الياقات البيض إلى الهند، ومن أبرز المشاكل الخطيرة التي تواجه الهند -بحسب المؤلفة– أن الطلب على الوظائف "منحاز" لذوي الياقات البيض، مما حرم شرائح كبيرة فرصة الحصول على وظائف (نسبة الأمية في الهند 39%)، غير أن هناك اتجاهاً نحو تعزيز قدرات الهند الصناعية من أجل توفير مئات الآل...

350 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 2007

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About the author

Robyn Meredith

4 books18 followers

Author, The Elephant and the Dragon and Bloomberg Television Foreign Correspondent

Based in Hong Kong, Robyn Meredith is a correspondent for Bloomberg Television, where she interviews Asian heads of state and global CEOs. She is the author of The New York Times best seller, The Elephant and the Dragon: The Rise of India and China and What It Means for All of Us, published by W.W. Norton.

Prior to joining Bloomberg Television, Meredith served as senior editor, Asia for Forbes where she covered economics, global finance, Asian markets and foreign policy. For Forbes, she wrote cover stories on Sony, General Motors, Kodak, Microsoft, Philips, Toyota, Ratan Tata, Li & Fung and Infosys. Meredith joined Forbes as its Detroit Bureau Chief in April 2000 to write about the auto industry. She moved to Hong Kong in 2002. One of her articles was included in the 2002 edition of the book The Best Business Stories of the Year.

Meredith is an award-winning journalist who previously wrote for The New York Times, USA Today and The American Banker newspaper, where her reporting exposed a pattern of insider deals at savings and loans that led to four congressional hearings and an overhaul of U.S. banking regulations governing initial public offerings.

Meredith received a B.A. in English Literature from Boston University in 1990.

http://premierespeakers.com/robyn_mer...

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Displaying 1 - 30 of 177 reviews
Profile Image for Fatma Al Zahraa Yehia.
603 reviews978 followers
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September 22, 2025
ينتقل الكتاب بنا بين الهند والصين بشكل متبادل عبر فصوله التسع.
يبدأ بالحالة الأقتصادية المتردية التي عانت منها الدولتان بسبب النظام الشيوعي (الصين)، والنظام الإشتراكي (الهند). ثم بداية الإنتباه إلى ضرورة إحداث انقلابات جذرية في سياسة البلدتان لوقف هذا التردي.

ثم توضح المؤلفة كيف تحولت تلك التغييرات الإصلاحية من مجرد محاولات للبقاء على قيد الحياة، إلى قفزات اقتصادية وحضارية كبرى وضعت البلدتان في عقود قليلة على قدم المساواة مع العالم الأول.

الجزء الأكثر أهمية بالنسبة لي، هو الثمن الذي تحملته هاتان الدولتان من أجل تحقيق تلك النقلة الكبرى، وكانت على حساب مَن مِن الطبقات الدنيا او الوسطى، وكانت على حساب ماذا من حيث خسارة الأرض الزراعية في حالة الصين، والمستوى المرعب لمعدلات التلوث في الهند.

أيضا ينتهي الكتاب في الفصل الأخير بمدى تأثير كل ما سبق على القوة الأعظم في العالم، الولايات المتحدة الأميريكية. وهل المجتمع الأميركي على استعداد لتغيير ثوابته وعاداته-مثلما فعل الصينيون والهنود-لكي يكن جديرا بالبقاء على قيد الحياة في عالم اصبحت تتبدل موازين القوى بشكل لا يمكن توقعه؟

كنت أتمنى ان اكون على خلفية بعلم الاقتصاد، لأن هناك أجزاء لم أستطع استيعابها بشكل جيد. كما ضايقني محاولات المؤلفة عرض الحقائق بشكل أدبي في بعض الأجزاء، لأنها كانت محاولات غير موفقة منها، ولم تؤدي إلا الى التشتت.

نهاية..الكتاب صدر عام ٢٠٠٨ وبالتأكيد تغيرت مئات الأشياء منذ ذلك الوقت.
Profile Image for Amira Mahmoud.
618 reviews8,874 followers
January 8, 2018
توقعته أفضل من ذلك، المعلومات عشوائية للغاية وبها الكثير من التكرار
الجزء الأخير عن تأثر الولايات المتحدة واقتصادها بصعود اقتصاديات الهند والصين هو الأفضل.
Profile Image for Michalyn.
148 reviews138 followers
October 25, 2008
A very readable, but meticulously researched look at the growth of India and China and the particular challenges each faces as they become more integrated with the global economy. Meredith highlights how much China and India are changing the global economic and political landscape and argues that if America does not keep up by investing in mathematics, science and research, improving its educational system and providing better safety nets for those who will inevitably lose their jobs to China and India, it will fall far behind. She emphasizes that protectionism is not the answer especially when China's and America's economies are so intertwined.

I thought this book was fascinating on many levels. In particular, the different paths of India and China and their different political systems raises the interesting question of which is better for economic growth--authoritarianism or democracy? Or perhaps less starkly, does authoritarianism produce fast but unsustainable growth while democracy produces slower but more sustainable improvements? I doubt it's that clear of a dichotomy but it certainly provides food for thought.

Highly recommended.
Profile Image for Bartley Sharkey.
82 reviews5 followers
May 28, 2021
Before starting I hadn't realised that this book was written all the way back in 2007, which obviously means that quite a lot of water has passed under the bridge since then, however it did really help to uncover some of the historical and political reasons that both China and India were far behind much of the rest of the world until the past couple of decades. Both countries, for quite different reasons, had basically turned their backs on the the wider world until it suddenly became clear that the very fact that they had spent so long falling behind (in terms of economic growth) meant they were presented with a massive and irresistible opportunity.

By 2007 China had already made progress in upgrading its infrastructure and becoming the "factory of the world". India, not so much.

This book did contain some really interesting anecdotes, like for example, the quasi-obsession of Chinese officials with Singapore at a time when they were skeptical but curious about opening up their economy to capitalism. The one-party, open economy of Singapore served as a model that was palatable to those who were wary of the idea that capitalism and democracy had to go hand-in-hand. It also seemed to work, where the likes of Russia had failed.

Aside from that, the book dips a toe into the topic of what the growth of India and China will mean for the West, and in particular, the US. Rather surprisingly, it warns of the futility of a place like the US trying to put the toothpaste back in the tube by turning its back on the world, a full decade before it decided to do exactly that with the election of the Donald. It's crazy how quickly we've all managed to forget that awful clown, but I suspect his and his cabinet's sheer incompetency will have cost the US dearly and that that cost will only become clear after a number of years have passed.

In the end, I can only marvel at how these large countries have managed to make the adjustments necessary to impact millions and millions of lives, but understanding the motivations, struggles and ongoing risks they face makes it seems much more human. Because of how their societies are set up, they've been able to chart the paths they are currently on, but equally the same considerations could well lead them astray if they aren't careful and thoughtful.
Profile Image for Judy.
836 reviews11 followers
February 25, 2008
This book is a fascinating look into the social, political, and economic histories of The World's Producer (China, the dragon) and The World's Back Office (India, the elephant), and their relation to The World's Consumer (the U.S.). The author is the Forbes magazine correspondent for India and China, and seems to have a remarkable grasp on those two very different countries' histories, cultures, and interactions with the world. The author also looks to the future and predicts what will happen when China, India, and the U.S. are the world's three superpowers (coming soon, according to her), and is relatively optimistic. It is nice to read a book that isn't totally doom-and-gloom about America's future. Included are discussions on both country's remarkable and rapid transformations from third world countries to budding super powers, environment and pollution, birth control vs. rampant population growth, the effects of pro-democracy and/or capitalist tendencies, nuclear build up, the countries' infrastructures (specifically roads), relative currency strengths, cultural and educational issues, and so on. There is an amazing amount of information to absorb and think about.
Profile Image for Ahmed Walid.
22 reviews7 followers
August 10, 2020
يبدأ الكتاب بالحديث عن الخلفية التاريخية التي وصلت بالصين والهند إلى الحالة الاقتصادية السيئة السابقة للنهضة ثم يحكي كيف بدأت النهضة في كل منهما.
ثم ينتقل الكاتب إلى ما يميز كل بلد وهو العمالة الرخيصة والبنية التحتية القوية في الصين والعقول الرخيصة في الهند.
ثم بدأ يشرح تحول الصناعة من خطوط التجميع _حيث يُصنع المنتج من البداية إلى النهاية في مصنع واحد_ إلى خطوك التفكيك حيث تُصنع كل قطعة صغيرة في المكان الذي يقدمها بأقل سعر
تحدث الكاتب بعدها عن تأثر كل من الثقافة الهندية والصينية بالتحولات الاقتصادية حيث صار مواطنوا البلدين أشبه بالإنسان الغربي في ملبسه وأسلوب معيشته وصار النمط الغربي علامة على الرقي والتحضر وضرب المثل في ذلك بتغير طرق الزواج وغيرها من التقاليد.
ثم أنشأ يحلل تأثير آخر التطورات الاقتصادية على السياسة وكيف تفضل الدول مصالحها الاقتصادية على أي مبادئ مزعومة وضرب المثل بغض الولايات المتحدة طرفها عن تجاوزات الصين لحقوق الإنسان مع الأقلية المسلمة والنشطاء الحقوقيين مقابل منافع اقتصادية.
وتناول أيضا أثر التنمية على التلوث في البلدين ونصيب كل أمة من التسليح ومستقبل الصراع العالمي والعلاقة المعقدة بين اقتصاد الولايات المتحدة والاقتصادين الصاعدين وأثره السلبي على بعض الأفراد الأمريكيين والإيجابي على الاقتصاد الأمريكي ككل.
Profile Image for Osama Al Sha'ar.
70 reviews6 followers
October 20, 2015
كتاب رائع بكل المقاييس لاسيما ترجمته العربية الاحترافية جداً

يفسر الكتاب بأسلوب سلس لايخلو من المرح ظاهرة صعود كل من الفيل (الهند) والتنين (الصين) في الاقتصاد العالمي ومقارنة عوامل وخصائص صعود كل منهما والآثار المترتبة على ذلك سواء لشعوبهما أو لشعوب الدول الغربية وعلى رأسها الولايات المتحدة

كما يعرض الكتاب كيف يجب على الولايات المتحدة مواجهة هذا الصعود بعيداً عن سياسات الحماية التي هي مضرة أكتر من كونها نافعة للشعب الأمريكي وللاقتصاد العالمي عموماً

الكتاب مليئ بالمعلومات الرائعة، وتحية كبيرة للمترجم على هذا النقل الاحترافي لأفكار الكتاب الأصلي لدرجة تجعل القارئ يستمتع بما يقرأ وكأنه مؤلف أساساً باللغة العربية الفصحى
Profile Image for الشناوي محمد جبر.
1,332 reviews337 followers
February 28, 2018
كتاب طويل يحكي قصة صعود الهند والصين مليء بالكثير من الأحداث والتفاصيل والأرقام التي جعلته مملا بشدة، لكن إجمالا الكتاب يشرح الكثير من تفاصيل العلاقات الاقتصادية وتشابكاتها بين الدول، وكيف أن سقوط دولة اقتصاديا قد يسقط دولة أخري تعتبر مستهلكة لمنتجات الدولة الثانية.
مثال/ تخشي الولايات المتحدة بشدة سقوط الصين في بحر الفوضي؛ لأن ذلك يحرم مصانعها سوق استهلاكية ضخمة وذلك قد يؤدي إلي طرد العمال من مصانعهم في أمريكا.
أيضا نعرف في الكتاب لماذا تحرص دول كالصين علي بقاء سعر عملتها المحلية أقل من سعر سوقها الحقيقي.
Profile Image for Don.
1,564 reviews23 followers
June 7, 2013
78 China open, 91 India, Mao famine 30-40M, China began in rural farms as collectivism failed going to free market, 40% decrease with collectivism, intellectuals burn books universities closed with collectivism or socialism, ussr was revolution vs evolution, revolution due to corruption, 760M rural 570M urban, 91 reforms to drop state own and tax from 56 to 40, government control all levels corruption and life long employment, since 96 politics and regulations unstable with corruption, dereg airlines telecom banks with corruption, infosys, disassembly line, atomization of supply chain, ¼ china with medical, youth support parents, save due to recent path of penniless peasants left by Mao and cultural revolution broke China tradition, diamonds in demand, older workers of state owned companies are poor workers and to be avoided as entitled, 97K officials in 2006 punished for corruption which hurts poor most, shrinking pop by 2015 due to one child policy with 40M more males, aging China and youth of India, air pollution costs $54B and 600K deaths, 5-10 worse than worse US cities, India home cooking fires, China 8% water with 22% pop, can do hard work with fair chance, savings in America as low as depression era, need to cut spending in US.
Profile Image for David.
193 reviews7 followers
November 22, 2008
This is a good book to read after "The WalMart Effect" to get a perspective on world economy and changing economic stability. China's transformation came through taking advantage of the hoards of cheap labor to manufacture or assemble products; while India has managed to create a remarkable industry of computer software developers and call centers. How these transformations came about, what effect they have had and are having on both the US and the local economies in those countries, and what the future might hold for the three countries - all this makes for some very interesting and thought-provoking reading.
Profile Image for James Gadea.
61 reviews23 followers
January 9, 2016
An excellent introduction to the role of India and China in the globalized world, this book provided many insights into how America might be able to respond to the growth of two rising stars. I liked the personal visits to factories and slums in India and China, because they illustrated the story best, but the book itself was at times slow with too many percentages and statistics given; however, overall I enjoyed the book, and found it very informative and definitely a conversation-starter.
Profile Image for Ezekiel Carsella.
Author 2 books6 followers
October 21, 2023
Obviously outdated but really cool to see how people anticipated the rise of China and India in 2007 with the ability to see how their predictions came (or didn't) to pass in modern time. Robyn taught me a lot about the two cultures and how they viewed economic success.
Profile Image for Mohamed Yehia.
926 reviews41 followers
August 31, 2017
علي الرغم من عدم تحقق كل التوقعات المتفائلة للكتاب , الا أنه يشرح بشكل شيق صعود الهند والصين ونموهم المفاجيء بتفاصيل شيقة ومهمة, ترجمة مميزة كالمعتاد لشوقي جلال
Profile Image for Shilpa.
70 reviews5 followers
September 25, 2018
This was a marvellous read!!! Insightful, to the point with facts and figures. Must read for readers interested in growing countries and their economies of scales.

2 reviews
October 20, 2007
"An exciting and journalistic account of one of the great economic stories of our time" - Joseph E. stiglitz, winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics.

This is a must read for all Americans. The change of India from a socialialist country to a more capitalistic country that is becoming the back office for American companies and the change of China from a communist country under Mao to a capitalistic country that has become the manufacturing plant for American companies is impacting all Americans.

This is an easy, very powerful and disturbing read. India is using its English language speaking, highly educated, and hard working employees to take back office jobs at 1/10 the cost of American workers. The demand from US investors for higher stock prices drives relentless cost cutting that is pushing well paying US jobs to India. 1.1 million technology jobs have moved abroad in the past 8 years.

The small CPA firm I work for in Charlottesville VA now has its first Indian outsourced employee. This speaks to market penetration that will continue to grow.

China with 1.3 billion people and India with 1.1 billion people are now competing with the American people.

China and India both have serious problems including major environmental problems. One city of 30 million people in China (the same population as California) dumps all of its refuse into the Yangtze river. Nearly a third of China's rivers ars so polutted that they are not fit for agricultural or industrial us, according to Chinese government statics.

The countries also have huge populations of very poor people who are not sharing in their countries' growth and sucess.

The author has several recommendations coming from others and herself on what the USA needs to do to remain competitive. These include fixing the K-12 education system, increased financing for basis research, setting of education accounts for the required retraining of employees as job transfers are continued to be made.









Profile Image for Landon.
326 reviews1 follower
July 13, 2014
In the streets of India, camels pull carts loaded with construction materials, and monkeys race across roads, dodging cars. In China, men in Mao jackets pedal bicycles along newly built highways, past skyscrapers sprouting like bamboo. Yet exotic India is as near as the voice answering an 800 number for one dollar an hour. Communist China is as close as the nearest Wal-Mart, its shelves full of goods made in Chinese factories.
Not since the United States rose to prominence a century ago have we seen such tectonic shifts in global power; but India and China are vastly different nations, with opposing economic and political strategies we must understand in order to survive in the new global economy. The Elephant and the Dragon tells how these two Asian nations, each with more than a billion people, have spurred a new "gold rush," and what this will mean for the rest of the world.
I found The Elephant and the Dragon very informative and interesting, how both China and India have grown in different sectors. Manufacturing in China, and white collar work like call centers and accounting in India. More importantly, this means a lot for the world economy- since something like 80% of China's and India's economy is dependent on the economy of America and Europe, the places outsourcing to these countries, a really interesting and informative read.
Profile Image for Dev Scott Flores.
86 reviews11 followers
January 18, 2014
"The middle-aged, highly skilled white-collar workers are realizing, 'My job is gone and I'm not going to get it back.'" ~ Stephen Roach, Chief Economist for Morgan Stanley

Very short on actual history - less than one paragraph was devoted to an off-handed recollection that both India and China have been dominant global economies for most of the last 500 years - but chock-full of factoids to pop off with at dinner parties, "Elephant and Dragon" is a very concise analysis of recent history with respect to the rise of both these nation's economies. Probably more relevant for this middle-aged, highly-skilled, former white-collar worker whose job disappeared warranting a return to education and retraining to - of all things - seek employment in the NGO realm in the very countries which resulted in her displacement, are the final chapter's analysis regarding economic caveats which have since come to pass. Meredith would do well to revisit these chapters in light of the Financial Meltdowns of 2008 and retool some of her suggestions. This small grievance aside, it is an easily digestible read for anyone seeking clarity.
Profile Image for Clif Hostetler.
1,280 reviews1,033 followers
February 18, 2008
This book covers some of the same material that is contained in the book, The World Is Flat. However, this book zeros in on India (the elephant) and China (the dragon) in more detail. It also spends more time reviewing the future difficulties that will need to be faced. But overall the book has an optimistic tone. Toward the end of the book it makes the case that international trade is a bargain for the USA. The book explains that for every dollar that goes overseas, $1.94 of wealth is created, and all but 33 cents of which returns to the U.S. OK, so it may be a current bargain. But is this a stable situation for the future? Somehow it seems that the current situation where China loans money to the USA so that Americans can buy their manufactured products doesn't seem to be a relationship that will last forever.
6 reviews
October 8, 2010
Excellent primer on Chindia, about the background of its history that paved the way for its staggering economic growth, and the entrenched social, political, and cultural structures that hinders its continuing development as well as presents opportunities for considerations in future economic planning. Even though India and China exist on semi-separate spheres in the book, they are case studies of how development on a national scale can be achieved in completely different ways, tailored to the country's history and outlook. It was an easy read, well-written, well-researched, and provided me a good foundation for understanding the pivotal issues of globalization and its tradeoffs. From a "rah rah America" POV, I think it allows us to focus on our recent complacency as competitive payers in the world markets.
Profile Image for Toni Daugherty.
187 reviews5 followers
August 24, 2010
I learned so much about the global economy reading this book. It's important to understand the political, religious and economic backgrounds of the players involved in the global market, in order to understand and predict what may happen with future world trade and future jobs. Meredith does a good job giving us both the background and some predictions that may prove true. She helps one think on a global scale when trying to understand purchase power, economies, gross national product, job growth and loss and especially the importance of education and innovation to prevent slacking economies in countries that can no longer afford to have protectionist policies with regard to jobs and consumer spending.
Profile Image for Jeremiah.
165 reviews6 followers
November 28, 2008
Informative read on the re-emergence of two of the world's historic powers: India and China. Meredith provides a brief history on each and insight into the unique leaders, national characteristics, and philosophies that guided these two countries to the positions they are in today: China the factory to the world and India the back office to the world and especially the US. However, these roles are malleable and changing to suit the needs and influence of both countries in the next century, with consequences for the United States.
Profile Image for Thinn.
158 reviews12 followers
September 15, 2015
The first 6 chapters are more about the development history of China and India. It was a good refreshing for those who did not know about history. The last 3 chapters are more about comparing the two countries plus America. Robyn touches most parts about America and pointing out the parts why it might be fall behind China or India in one day. Learn so much about China, India, and America economic.
Profile Image for Jason Sands.
198 reviews
April 13, 2016
Good overview

This is a good overview of the economic changes going on in China and India. It lays out the challenges these countries present the United States and it offers possible solutions to these challenges without stooping to the demagoguery of the current election campaign.
Profile Image for Murali Neelakantan.
40 reviews26 followers
May 25, 2014
An easy to read book that is more like an article in the New York Times than a serious book. Excellent as a first book for someone who needs to know enough to not be left out of the conversation at the next harvard club lunch.
Profile Image for Mr Shahabi.
520 reviews117 followers
August 22, 2016
This book answers the questions on regarding How the hell did everything turned to MADE IN CHINA overnight.

A very elaborate book, highly recommended.
Profile Image for Arjun.
608 reviews32 followers
November 20, 2023
Currently perusing the content
Profile Image for S P.
38 reviews15 followers
November 18, 2017
I unknowingly picked this book heavy on economy by assuming that I am picking a book on history or geopolitics. My reading experience- The author covers in depth about social, geopolitical, economical, and historical aspects of the subject of rise of India and China from a western perspective. She sprinkles humor throughout the book, and spices up with punchlines at right places. I really loved this about her writing style. Since it is about economics, it felt a little heavy and I would need to put the book down after reading a few pages in order to digest all the information, but did not have to struggle to pick it up the next day. The author also seamlessly transits from macro aspects to micro or personal aspects. She gives examples, and comparisons to give a reader a better perspective. I found that fascinating and in my opinion it shows her depth of knowledge in the field.

It was interesting to see such drastically differrent approach by India and China towards development due to their respective historical conditioning. I also noted that although western companies are efficient, they tend to think strictly from profit/loss point of view which is not much drastically different from colonial era. On the other hand, India and China's business approach is more of win-win, making the other side think 10 times before deciding anything against the trade. As the book progresses, the author unfolds many inferesting aspects of the intertwined global economy. Every time I would ask a question, she would have the answer to it in the next chapter. I was afraid that she would be biased towards American point of view, but surprisingly she was vocal about the issues in USA and also went at length to propose solutions and quench paranoia. It was apparent that America sees China as a potential threat and mulls over what to do about it while considering India every now and then, since larger sections were dedicated to China.

A great read if you are interested in the topic!
151 reviews4 followers
January 14, 2018
This book was recommended to me by my manager and I was surprised at how good of a read it turned out to be. It presented a shockingly fair look at the good and bad that has come about with the economic rise of China and India. As I started reading it I had a bunch of questions regarding things I knew about the subject and all of them were actually addressed, which was nice because I got to bulk up my personal knowledge. One thing in particular I appreciate is the scaling of pay between wages for a Chinese/ Indian worker vs wages for a USA worker. Instead of saying such-and-such lives on the equivalent of only $X/ day, she would equate it to the US equivalent. For example, a $130k/ year job in California is equivalent to a $60k/ year job in Texas due to the cost of living difference. She included this with every example, which is something that always frustrates me when people discuss poverty.

I haven't looked yet, because I finished reading the book in just two days and I'm supposed to be in bed right now, but I would like to see this author write an updated version to include the previous decade and how globalization has changed following the economic crisis (this book was published just before the meltdown and actually identifies it as a risk). It would be interesting to see what she would say regarding that, as she foretold, my generation is the first in to be worse off in USA than their parents (%20 less income after inflation adjustments if I'm remembering correctly). She also points out a dire need to actually spend money on infrastructure and education for American workers to continue being able to compete in the future. Her final paragraphs have actually emboldened some of my personal plans on how I wanted to guide/ encourage/ teach my own children's education.

I'm mildly interested in global politics and economics, particularly because I'd like to help the impoverished in my country, and this book is an excellent one to read for a balanced view of the effects of globalization.
Profile Image for Gauthier.
439 reviews9 followers
August 10, 2024
Since the 1990s, two countries have been slowly but surely waking up from their slumber, India and China. As both countries grow, they take their historical place as unavoidable players in the world's economy. This phenomenon has a major impact on our world, and only by understanding it can we identify the path forward.

Although this book is a bit outdated (2007-2008), it still provides an insightful picture of the impressive growth of both China and India while outlining the differences between the two countries. One understands why India has been slower to grow and sees how the two countries could easily complement each other in terms of industry. China has focused on manufacturing blue collar jobs while India has developed outsourcing for white collar jobs. A lot of the book explains all the massive investments that the two countries made to grow and how this helped lift hundreds of millions out of poverty. At the same time, the author warns us about the environmental impact of having millions of people consume more oil and deplores the missed opportunity that China and India could have used to develop their economy on clean energy. Furthermore, the author explains how China secures trade deals around the world to secure access to oil and how China is investing in its army to protect its access to oil.
The reader also learns about the impact of the growth of India and China on the Western world through job relocation. The argument is that while many jobs were lost due to the move of many businesses to Asia, more were created. However, this requires adaptation, and the author strongly advocates for the need to innovate, train, and educate in order to secure more complex and better paid jobs. The mantra could be "adapt or die".
What is certain after reading this book is that a new world is being created, a word where the US no longer enjoy uncontested leadership and influence, and a world where the standard of living for the Western world is at risk of decreasing if we don't adapt to the new rules. It might be a scary world, but it might not need to be provided we take the necessary steps to evolve with it.
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