What do you think?
Rate this book


448 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 2002
The terrible beauty struggling to be born Downtown is usually called growth, but it is neither a purely natural metabolism (as neoliberals imagine the marketplace to be) nor an enlightened volition (as politicians and planners like to claim). Rather it is better conceptualised as a vast game - a relentless competition between privileged players (or alliances of players) in which the state intervenes much like a card-dealer or croupier to referee the play. Urban design, embodied in different master plans and project visions, provides malleable rules for the key players as well as a set of boundaries to exclude unauthorised play. But unlike most games, there is no winning gambit or final move. Downtown development is an essentially infinite game, played not towards any conclusion or closure, but towards its endless protraction.
Evolution by catastrophe, Michael Rampino adds, also entails speciation through a different process than the classic gradualist mechanisms of geographic isolation and adaptive change. Catastrophe replaces the linear temporal creep of microevolution with nonlinear bursts of macroevolution. Comet showers accelerate evolutionary change by injecting huge pulses of sudden energy into biogeochemical circuits. Nutrient recycling is stimulated and bolides add new stocks of organic molecules. [...] Most importantly, catastrophes break up static ecosystems and clear adaptive space for the explosive radiation of new taxa - like mammals after the K/T horizon. Rampino, awed by this dialectic of creative destruction, openly wonders if impact catastrophe is not the real driving force behind the movement towards greater biological diversity, and if Gaia has not evolved in intricate choreography with Shiva.
The botanical census of bomb sites in the City and the East End revealed a new pattern of urban vegetation adapted to fire, rubble, and open space. Uncommon natives and robust aliens dominated this unexpected ‘bomber ecology’. The most successful colonist of blitzed sites, for example, was the formerly rare rosebay willowherb, which in Jefferies’ time could only be found in Paddington Cemetery and on a few gravelly banks. [...] Among other aliens that flourished during the Blitz were the Canadian fleabane, already a familiar plant on railway embankments, the redoubtable buddleia, and the Peruvian Galinsoga parviflora, an escapee from Kew Gardens.