I recently read this book for a second time, and I'd forgotten how entertaining, how detailed, how creative it is. I agree completely with the liner notes and recommendations for this book that say it's one of the great baseball history books produced. It has everything -- history, drama, humor, perspective on baseball history, cultural perspective. It's well written, not repetitive, and goes into the details that matter while leaving out the extraneous.
The book is about the 1908 major league season, which the author calls the greatest in baseball history. While one can quibble on that detail, as it depends on what criteria you use to define greatest, her point is well taken. In both leagues, the pennant came down to the last day, with the National League's decided through a makeup game for the Cubs and Giants to after a tie was called earlier in the season in a Giants-Cubs game. That tie game was the famous Merkle Boner moment, when a 19-year-old rookie, Fred Merkle, didn't run from first to second on a safe hit by his teammate, which would have enabled the winning run to score from third. Merkle did what players did all the time in those days, in peeling off before he got to second in order to run to the safety of the clubhouse so that fans rushing onto the field didn't trample him, attack him, etc. The Giants in those days allowed fans to exit through the outfield gates, and players on both teams always raced off the field to avoid angry or happy fans. But in this case, the Cubs noticed the rookie's mistake and managed to get the run voided and the game held as a tie.
Anyway, that was one of only about a dozen huge moments in that season, and Cait Murphy does a great job of describing them. The point she makes a few times through her comments on the events is that the game itself was fully recognizable as baseball the way it's played today, but yet hugely different in some respects. And the way that fans acted and were allowed to act (as well as players and managers) was vastly different than today. And more significantly, changes from the game at that time to the modern era (let's say after 1920) were underway in 1908, but the events of that season propelled them more quickly.
One example is the treatment of fans and the state of ballparks. In 1908, ballparks were rickety wooden structures that could seat maybe 10,000 people in grandstands. When more fans came to a big game, they stood in the outfield or in foul territory, often requiring new ground rules (a ball bouncing into the fans is a ground-rule double) and interfering with play. They threw bottles and seat cushions at players during the game, and chased them after. And yet, at the same time the hometown fans would cheer an opponent for a great fielding play, while then screaming obscenities at him when he came to bat. All of this was evolving, as Shibe Field in Philadelphia opened in 1908 as the first fire-proof (i.e., brick) stadium, and with nice architecture and better seating. In the next decade, every major league team did the same thing, and as fans came in larger numbers, they expanded grandstands and added upper decks. The 50,000-plus stadiums we know today were born out of that desire to capture more fan dollars and present a more civilized, safer environment.
Same thing with rules on the field. After numerous questionable calls by umps that season -- and every season in the past -- the leagues' owners finally agreed after 1908 to permanently have two umps at every game. This reduced rule-breaking in such ways as tripping or grabbing players as they rounded the bases, and it made decisions on close tags or plays at first more likely to be right.
In a season such as 1908, in which three teams in each league finished within a game of first place, getting those calls right could make a huge difference.
The author tells us repeatedly about how short the games were. Many seemed to finish in 90 minutes or less, which is astonishing. I think batters swung more aggressively, plus there weren't TV or radio timeouts, and since there were no lights there was an incentive to get done quickly. But I also wonder if the awful conditions for fans were a factor, and that as stadiums got more plush (better seats, better bathrooms, food concessions) if the owners were happy to have games take longer so that more concessions would be purchased, and fans were more comfortable staying onsite.
Author Murphy explains all of this, but without belaboring the point. Sometimes, she has an aside that states how things changed, and other times she lets the chaos of the time speak for itself. She also gives a flavor for how the game was played -- and while I've read that in numerous other baseball histories, hers is really well done. She explains how the ball became softer and darker as the game continued, with it never being considered out of play unless the umpire decided that it was so deformed that batters couldn't hit it fairly. It wasn't uncommon for a few balls to cover the entire game (with fans required to return those hit into the stands), rather than the approximately 80 per game used today. Murphy even describes one game in which the home team wouldn't let the old ball be removed until they came to bat in the bottom of the ninth, when then promptly got two hits with a clean ball and won the game.
Murphy also does an excellent job of exploding one myth that ballplayers in the early 20th century were indestructible and played through every imaginable injury, compared to today's pampered millionaires. In fact, almost every player on all the pennant contenders missed significant amounts of time due to injury. Often these were from spiking by opposing runners or mangled hands for catchers. For outfielders, attrition was lower, but they missed time due to various ankle sprains and back pains. And pitchers did go 350-plus innings, but late in that season Murphy explains that those workhorses had nothing left in the tank, and sometimes didn't perform well in those crucible final games. (Sometimes they did, such as Mordecai Three-Finger Brown, but again, he benefited from the soft ball of the era.)
Anyway, without going through the entire book, I'll sum it up by saying it's hugely entertaining, and it sheds light on a fascinating period and some of the game's greatest stars: Mathewson, Cobb, Chance, Tinker, Evers, McGraw, Wagner, Walsh, and so on. I'm not sure that I would have enjoyed games in those days, given the rowdiness of the fans, the uncertainty that even my ticket would have actually enabled me to have my seat, and the umpire-baiting, cheating aspects on the field. Maybe since that was the standard at the time I would have been fine with it, but I suspect not; I dislike a lot of the standard things about baseball and other major sports now, such as the fake patriotism, the excessive TV timeouts, and the way they've all become venues for gambling. But even if I wasn't going to games in 1908, I'm sure that I would have been one of those folks the author describes who was totally caught up in the drama of the moment, avidly reading newspaper accounts and following games on public scoreboards. What a fun time it would have been.