A few nights ago I watched the movie "Of Gods and Men," an award-winning French film about eight Trappist monks in Algeria in the 1990's, ministering to a local village, and threatened both by a band of young men with guns (Islamists? terrorists? thugs? bandits?) and by the local police/army.They are almost surely going to be killed by one side or the other, and there are intense discussions among them about what they should do. One kindly old monk remarks that he has just read in Pascal "Men never do evil so completely and cheerfully as when they do it from religious conviction." It was amazing to me the hear that when I was in the course of reading this book. Pascal was a brilliant mathematician (he more or less invented our modern mathematics of probability), a scientist,and a devout Catholic who on Nov. 23, 1654 had what was apparently a unitive vision of God, a life-altering experience. His Pensees are a classic of introspection, devotion, and philosophical speculation. Mostly he is known today for his famous "wager" on whether it is better to bet on the existence of God or the non-existence. Its implications are usually vastly oversimplified, as this book points out in fascinating detail. Thomas Morris was a professor of philosophy at Notre Dame, and is thus a very sympathetic interpreter of Pascal. His book is usually enlightening, but occasionally a bit simplistic (for example, he enthusiastically endorses C.S. Lewis's "Trilemma"[there's a good article on it in Wikipedia] which even 30 years ago when I first encountered it I thought was pretty naive. Most modern theologians have had the same reaction.)But Morris has a gift for apt illustration, although I got a little tired of his repeated endorsements of the views of Woody Allen. I liked this book well enough to look forward to his "Bluffer's Guide to Philosophy," which sounds like it's right up my alley.