Samuel Beckett was a very private man during his life, who rarely gave interviews and wanted his work to speak for himself. In his final years, however, he acquiesced to an authorized biography being written about him, and he chose scholar James Knowlson for this. Knowlson not only got Beckett’s permission to trawl documentation of his past, Beckett even sat down with him for several hours of interviews. The result was finally completed several years after Beckett’s death in 1989, which means that Knowlson could be slightly more probing than is typical of “authorized biographies” published while their subjects are still alive.
Besides the interviews with Beckett, touching on childhood memories, Knowlson mainly drew on Beckett’s voluminous correspondence (or on correspondence between Beckett’s friends and acquaintances) to determine what Beckett was up to when. For the earlier part of Beckett’s life, this reveals to us many events and relationships that were formative for Beckett and even found a place in his works, whether overt or camouflaged. Also well documented are the various health problems that Beckett suffered from a young age, which explains how his work is more rooted in the body and its quirks (even down to toilet humour) than many other modernists.
Like some other readers, I found the high point of the book to perhaps be the account of Beckett’s activities during World War II, first as a member of the French Resistance, and then a long exile in the countryside waiting for the war to end. While on one hand these might be called dull, lost years, on the other hand one gets an idea of how they could serve as a crossroads for Beckett’s writing, with the postwar works being so radically different than the somewhat imitations of Joyce from the 1930s.
Knowlson’s biography unfortunately tends to become rather dry just as Beckett’s career is really taking off with the premiere of Waiting for Godot in the early 1950s. From here on, the biography is mainly about his travels to foreign theaters presenting his works or his holidays with his companion Suzanne Dechevaux-Dumesnil. Yet even here there are enough scattered details that give one a better picture of the man to make it worth reading to the end. Knowlson reveals that Beckett was extremely generous with money, content to live on fairly little and directing his huge earnings from the plays towards family, friends, or even mere acquaintances who needed help.
Readers looking for a more penetrative account of Beckett’s private life will have to look elsewhere. Knowlson mentions how Beckett’s relationship with Dechevaux-Dumesnil was rather open and he maintained a long relationship with Barbara Bray, but this does not get much space. Still, for fans of the plays, novels, and poetry who just want to know about the life of the man who wrote them, this is a decent starting point even if it gets very dry.