This was an assigned text that I gleaned baseline treatment strategy information from but had many open critiques for as well, which were shared and echoed within the context of the class. There were many instances of absolutest language surrounding the description of addicts and their behavior as predictable, unconscious, and borderline animalistic and the same from person to person. Treatment techniques rely on a belief in a higher power in order to submit to a program. Outdated research reference leading to misinformed conclusions. It's not a terrible reference material, but I wouldn't recommend or use in my class as teaching material.