Interim Summary of Shadow Man by Melissa Scott
Planet Hara has a complex society, based on 'mesnies', 14 clans based on the original fourteen founders, and five Watches. But they recognize only two genders, despite the fact that the drugs that made FTL travel safe and reliable caused mutations among the original colonists. The Concord (the rest of space traveling humanity) has come to recognize five genders: male, female, mem (XX & ovary & non-teste male genetalia; ƥe/ƥis/ƥim/ƥimself), fem (XY & testes & non-ovary female genetalia; δe/δer/δer/δerself), and herm (testes and ovaries; Ʒe,Ʒer,Ʒim,Ʒimself). Harans choose their gender assignment at maturity, even in the face of Concord influence to adopt the five gender model.
Warreven is a Haran advocate, with a specialty in laws surrounding sexual behavior. It is implied thus far that he is a herm who chose male at maturity to escape marriage and assignment as a woman; 'he' is small and dark and flaunts gender custom to dress and speak ambiguously. Mayre Tatian is a phamaceutical rep from the Concord, a bit of a straight arrow, who has met and become attracted to Warreven. Mayne has trouble with his data implants and seeks to get them fixed on the planet. His company has constrained him to not not get embroiled in 'trade', or sexual behaviour outside the norm on the planet.
Warreven's marriage was to have been to the son of the most powerful man on the planet; that failed relationship is coming around to bite Warreven, as his name has been put forth as the only worthwhile candidate for the planet's trade director.
Notes on FINISHING!!!
This is a book with many faces -- part commentary on politics, part commentary on colonialism, part commentary on culture, part social science SF, part literature, and a big part looking at the effects of gender on society and the effects of society on gender. I feel like there are mild influences from Heinlein's The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress and from Frank Herbert's Dune and from Ursula K Le Guin's Left Hand of Darkness, at least in the sense of world-building.
Unfortunately these diversities tend to weaken the novel instead of strengthening it. For me, too much of my reading energies were spent figuring out what was going on, and what it all meant, to enjoy the writing. We spend the novel on the planet Haran, a hundred years after contact has been reestablished with other planets of human society's second wave of expansion. The first wave had collapsed when it became apparent that the drugs allowing lightspeed travel were having severe genetic impacts, effectively adding three genders to the human race. So there, Dear Reader, is the first challenge that Ms. Scott's novel will present to you: how to understand and build upon the foundation of five genders, and the correct pronouns for who's who, and still understand what's what.
Our second challenge is this: despite having incurred the same biological effects that all colonials have, the Harans are locked into a binary gender model. This is good, Dear Reader, in that we have something of a touchstone to a society we are familiar with. But it feels contrived, and opens a new set of questions with respect to what's important -- one protagonist is indigenous to Haran and living as a male, but truly on of the three unrecognized genders and active in the underground society of 'wrangways' and 'wry-a-beds' (analogous, somewhat, to transgender and LGBT today) -- and how we are to feel about it.
I feel that all of this would make more sense if the plot had unambiguous direction and pacing, but we no sooner launch down an understanding of one protagonists plight than we shift to another, or sidebar to investigate future interfaces to computers or rename every kind of vehicle on the streets, and soon there is a plethora of things that might be important, until the detritus falls away in the last 10% of the story to have an idea of what's what.