If you’re a film noir fan you’ll want to read this.
The best thing about Eddie Muller is his enthusiasm for everything about noir. He enjoys the films, he enjoys the backstories, and, in this case, he enjoys learning about, talking to, and telling us about some of the principal actresses.
The first part of the book (“Hollywood Midcentury”) is a set of profiles of six actresses from the film noir period: Jane Greer, Audrey Totter, Marie Windsor, Evelyn Keyes, Coleen Gray, and Ann Savage.
These aren’t necessarily the six best actresses or the six most influential. Muller’s selection criteria included that the actresses be available for interviews while he was writing the book in the late 1990s. His plan, as you’ll see in the second part of the book, was to visit and interview those same six actresses much later in their lives, by that time some of them in their eighties. A vantage point from which they can place their acting careers in the context of their lives, and in the larger context of film and film noir as wholes.
The selection criterion excludes some actors who would certainly have a strong claim to have made major contributions to “defining Film Noir.” Ida Lupino, Gloria Grahame, and Barbara Stanwyck for starters. All had died before Muller’s interviews.
That said, there’s something to be said for focusing on actresses who may not be so well known, and, as Muller also notes, haven’t been written about so much. These were successful, distinctive actresses who, in most cases, occupied the spotlight for relatively short times.
These were also the days of the “studio system,” where actors and actresses were contracted with a specific studio and called upon to make, by today’s standards, a lot of movies over short production times, with small budgets and low salaries, and with varying quality. The jobs of actors, actresses, photographers, directors, and screenwriters were to make the most of what they got to work with. The results were all over the place, but we got some noir classics out of those years and these actresses — Out of the Past (Jane Greer), The Postman Always Rings Twice (Audrey Totter), The Killing (Marie Windsor), The Prowler (Evelyn Keyes), Nightmare Alley (Coleen Gray), Detour (Ann Savage).
And these were the days of HUAC investigations, blacklisting, and witch-hunts for Communists. Being apolitical, as most were, didn’t give anybody a free pass. If not affected personally, they were collateral damage to what happened to other actors (e.g., John Garfield), directors (e.g., Joseph Losey), and writers (e.g., Dalton Trumbo).
Muller’s profiles include brief descriptions of the actresses’ backgrounds, families, how they got into acting, how they managed (or didn’t manage) their career paths, the highlights of their careers, and how their personal lives fared during the demands and rewards of those usually brief prime years.
All the glamour and the fame is frozen in time, but the people go on. And the second part of the book (“Hollywood Fin de Siecle”) picks up the actresses’ lives in their later years, in the 1990s. Although Muller has given us glimpses into the their personal lives already, seeing them later in life emphasizes the difference between the living, breathing women and their celluloid-bound images.
It’s us, not them, who do the Norma Desmond thing, freezing them in what we regard as their “moment,” while they go on to have lives that they care about as much or more than they care about those frozen moments. Many of these women arguably traveled the opposite of the Norma Desmond arc. Ann Savage, the evil-hearted Vera of Detour, went on to spend twenty-eight years working as a law clerk, into her late 70s. Twenty-eight years a law clerk, a few weeks filming as Vera.
We can call those later profiles the “declining” years if we want, but they are also the years in which the actresses, in some cases, extended their careers into television and “mature” roles, or as with Ann Savage, lived completely different lives. Evelyn Keyes notes of her entire life, “My private life has been a better movie than anything Hollywood could have concocted for me.”
Still it’s us who want to bring them back to the 1940s, in black and white glory. In later years, Jane Greer went on tour to promote a remake of Out of the Past called Against All Odds. She found, to her own surprise but maybe not ours, that fans really wanted to know about Out of the Past, not Against All Odds.
The final part of the book (“Eternal Flames”), written for this new edition, is comprised of briefer profiles of ten additional actresses of the film noir era: Joan Bennet, Peggie Castle, Rhonda Fleming, Marsha Hunt, Ella Raines, Ruth Roman, Gail Russell, Jan Sterling, Claire Trevor, and Helen Walker. Most are household names only to noir households, but all representative of that era, up through the early 1950s when noir was so prominent.
In addition to all the profiles and stories, this is part picture book. In addition to promotional photos and movie posters, there are some candid and even personal shots, many from Muller’s own collection. The photos are great — they conjure the time, with the clothing, hairstyles, and personality projections that hit the mark, especially in the case of the promotional photos. And the more personal ones remind us of the people who were the actresses and other players behind it all.