Oeuvres II

by Walter Benjamin, Maurice de Gandillac (Translator), Rainer Rochlitz (Translator)

Ces trois volumes d'Œuvres, soit devenues inaccessibles au public français depuis presque vingt ans, soit, pour un tiers d'entre elles, tout à fait inédites, ont pour ambition de débarrasser Benjamin des mythes qui l'entourent, de ,i>le donner à lire, de le faire entendre.
Trois grands thèmes irriguent l'œuvre de Walter Benjamin, s'entraînent, se recoupent, se recouvrent, sinon au fil des ans se contredisent : une philosophie du langage, d'abord, une philosophie de l'art, une philosophie de l'histoire. Trois préoccupations qui définissent le rapport de Benjamin à la tradition, son souci de restituer ce que cette dernière a refoulé, parfois éradiqué. Quel que soit le domaine auquel il s'arrête, il entend toujours dénoncer l'illusion de la continuité, l'oubli des ruptures décisives, des interruptions libératrices. Restituer la vision des «vaincus», des défaits de la tradition, est à ses yeux vital pour le destin de la liberté.
Le parti ici pris de rassembler des Œuvres de Walter Benjamin dans leur strict ordre chronologique, sans regroupement thématique ni périodique, vise à faire apparaître les avancées comme les impasses d'une œuvre sans égal, parce qu'inclassable.

464 pages, Paperback

First published November 8, 2000

About the author

Walter Bendix Schönflies Benjamin was a German Jewish philosopher, cultural critic, media theorist, and essayist. An eclectic thinker who combined elements of German idealism, Romanticism, Western Marxism, Jewish mysticism, and neo-Kantianism, Benjamin made influential contributions to aesthetic theory, literary criticism, and historical materialism. He was associated with the Frankfurt School and also maintained formative friendships with thinkers such as playwright Bertolt Brecht and Kabbalah scholar Gershom Scholem. He was related to German political theorist and philosopher Hannah Arendt through her first marriage to Benjamin's cousin Günther Anders, though the friendship between Arendt and Benjamin outlasted her marriage to Anders. Both Arendt and Anders were students of Martin Heidegger, whom Benjamin considered a nemesis.
Among Benjamin's best known works are the essays "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction" (1935) and "Theses on the Philosophy of History" (1940). His major work as a literary critic included essays on Charles Baudelaire, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Franz Kafka, Karl Kraus, Nikolai Leskov, Marcel Proust, Robert Walser, Trauerspiel and translation theory. He also made major translations into German of the Tableaux Parisiens section of Baudelaire's Les Fleurs du mal and parts of Proust's À la recherche du temps perdu.
Of the hidden principle organizing Walter Benjamin's thought Scholem wrote unequivocally that "Benjamin was a philosopher", while his younger colleagues Arendt and Theodor W. Adorno contend that he was "not a philosopher". Scholem remarked "The peculiar aura of authority emanating from his work tended to incite contradiction". Benjamin himself considered his research to be theological, though he eschewed all recourse to traditionally metaphysical sources of transcendentally revealed authority.
In 1940, at the age of 48, Benjamin died by suicide at Portbou on the French Spanish border while attempting to escape the advance of the Third Reich. Though popular acclaim eluded him during his life, the decades following his death won his work posthumous renown.