Climate change deniers, or climate change skeptics, or whatever we are calling them today, like to point out that climate change is nothing new. There have been natural cycles of cooling and warming since the earth began. This is true, of course, but it is hardly reassuring, as those previous episodes of climate change were often marked by devastation.
This book takes place in one of those periods of climate change. Approximately 10,000 years ago there was so much water tied up in ice that the sea level was much lower than it is today. The land between Britain and France was all dry land, and people lived there. I knew about this. I read about it in National Geographic. In the book this country is called Northland. In real life it is called Doggerland. That’s what made me want to read the book.
Our story begins with a settlement called Etxelur. (I found that impossible to pronounce, so I called it Extelur in my head. The afterword says the word is from the Basque for “home-land,” so I guess Basque is impossible to pronounce.) The people live on the shore. They fish in animal-hide boats. They bury the bones of their dead in the middens, which are huge heaps of seashells. They hunt deer and eat acorns.
But things are changing. The sea is rising. Already the source of the best flint is underwater, inaccessible. And the people’s ancestral home is far out under the sea. On their hunting trips they find that once-solid ground is now marshy, and once-fresh springs are now salty. In addition, new people show up, Snailheads from down south. They say their home was lost to the sea, and they are looking for a new home, as ancient climate refugees.
This gradual loss might be bad enough, but elsewhere in the world, the loss of the ice sheets causes the earth to shift, which triggers tsunamis, and the aforementioned devastation. What are the people to do? Well, in real life, the answer was die, or move. But in this book, the answer is, build a wall. And it just so happens, thanks to the double-whammy of trade and slavery, a man from Jericho, perhaps the world’s oldest walled city, a man who knows how to make bricks, shows up at Etxelur.
Building a wall, solves some problems. But it causes new ones. It requires a kind of hard labor the people have never had to do before. It requires organization and discipline that the people are not used to. It will change the culture. Will it be worth it? Will the people of Etxelur save their homeland, and lose their souls?
That is one of the themes of the book. There is also conflict between two sisters, Zesi and Ana. Both of them have leadership qualities, but there is room for only one leader. There is conflict between the people of Etxelur, and the forest-dwelling people of Pretani. The people of Etxelur think the people of Pretani arrogant, blustering, woman-oppressing brutes. But the Pretani have their sense of honor, and then there’s sex involved, and of course, it’s complicated.
There is the long voyage of Novu from Jericho to Etxelur, which involves his enslavement, and his walking halfway around the world, and his eventual freedom. There is the voyage of Zesi and Ana’s father, Kirike. He traveled in his skin boat as far west as what is now America, and brings back a woman, a pregnant Native American. She was herself a climate refugee, as almost her whole group of people (the Clovis people) had been killed when a glacier broke up and flooded their camp. Kirike delivers her baby by Cesarean section, with a stone knife, and sews her up with bone pins. This was astounding to me, but according to the afterward, there is precedent.
The story is an adventure. There is excitement, and there is violence. The violence is disturbing. There are Leafy Boys, who are feral children who live in the tree canopy. They behave like animals, and have lost the power of speech. The Leafy Boys are particularly disturbing. I know feral children are a thing. I have read of one or two here or there, children who were lost, and were “raised by wolves” or whatever, but never have I heard of feral children on such a scale. The author admits that they are his invention, but that the possibility was there.
I’m afraid my summary sounds muddled. The book does not. The cultures of people long ago are fascinating, and are based on a mixture of evidence and imagination. There are many cultures, with many languages, different gods, different styles of dress. The different peoples can communicate using a “traders’ tongue.” There was more mixing and trading than I would have expected. The description of the way of life of people in a far distant time reminded me of Jean Auel’s Clan of the Cave Bear series, although I thought Baxter’s writing was better. I also thought Baxter’s prehistoric world reminded me of the fantasy of Richard Adams.
Climate change brings fear, and challenges, and conflict. Is it possible to find a way into a future that will provide safety and plenty, and still preserve individual freedoms, and something like happiness, something like humanity? That is the question, and we shall see.