The history of the ascent of the Eiger North Face. As told by Harrer, part of the 4 man party who were the first to climb this face in 1938. The last of the classic North Faces in the Alps to be climbed. Sheer vertical. Craziness. Ice, rock, snow, cascading water, avalanches, freezing temperatures and falling stones. Relentless rocks, Many a climber got injured by them. Bivouacs, very uncomfortable, mostly standing, sitting, secured by pitons. Plus treacherous weather. Many a climbing party had to climb in blizzard conditions. Especially the last parts. Merciless...
p.29, about the motivation of mountaineering: "the great adventure, the eternal longing of every truly creative man to push on into unexplored country, to discover something entirely new - if only about himself. In that lies the detonating spark, the secret source of strength..." Because climbing, especially long vertical faces, requires indescribable labours and difficulties, which demand the very uttermost ounce of physical, spiritual and mental resistance.
Having read multiple other moutaineering books I understand how much excercise and training is needed for such climbs. A superb condition, skill, route finding ability, spiritual mentality and stamina.
Of course there is no real use for climbing, besides ones satisfaction and enjoyment. The same can be said about marathon runners and many other sports.
And then the history of the Eiger North Face begins! Heroic attemps are described. Done by outstanding climbers. 1935, 1936 and 1937.
Harrowing and courageous ascends. It gives for very exciting reading. Why is that? Because they died? Why are books about WWI so popular? That horrendous useless trench war!
Before the description of the first climb, Harrer spends quite some time on how the general public thought about the Eiger North Face climb. He though them sensation seekers and the news covered the various attemps very sceptical. People should not risk their life is the general belief. But, as we know, people always do. Exploring and challenges is in people's nature. He defends the mountaineers as exceptional strong, capable and fearless people. They don't seek glory but the freedom of the hills.
But there you go. I read it anxiously. Hoping beyond hope. Untill the year 1938. When the first succesful ascend finally succeeded.
Heinrich Harrer and Fritz Kasparek set out together. 1 rope. On the second day they were joined by Anderl Heckmair and Ludwig Vörg. Also on 1 rope. Together they went further. Reading, it seems to me that without Heckmair and Vörg, they would not have made it. Especially Heckmair was instrumental for their succes. He was leading most of the time. These days this first ascend is called the Heckmair or 1938 route. An appropriate name.
(Harrer did acknowledge that Heckmair was the best of them all and gives him due praise)
Harrer did not bring crampons, a necessity for climbing the many ice climbs. He as much acknowledged that himself. I followed their ascent by constantly looking at the pictures of the Northface provided in the book. That way I knew where they were. I looked at some YouTube videos of crucial pitches. Like the Hinterstoisser traverse, the Spider ascent and the top "stroll". It made for very exciting reading! Harrer and Kasparek had three bivouacs. Heckmair and Vörg two. An indication how quick they were.
Harrer wrote compelling. Philosophical at times. Full of praise for his companions, his rope mates. He writes apt about the dangers of the face, the avalanches, the foul weather, the continious rockfall, the melt water and in the end the blizzard conditions when they finally reached the top.
After the account of this first ascent, follows several chapters of the history of subsequent ascents. The successes and the failures. All on the same Eiger North Face. Now well known. Especially the tragedy of 1957 gets much attention. (Which was well observed from below). 1 chapter of the tragic climb. 1 chapter about the rescue. With the records of the sole survivor shedding only confusion on what actually happened. For instance; the incredible slow pace with which they ascended. Inexplicable, for it was well known that two of them were very well versed in rock and ice climbing. (Harrer is very critical of Corti, the only survivor)
I'll leave it at that. It is fascinating to read. Again, a disaster, a tragedy, people were fighting for their lives. And I kept on reading. It's like the news. It seems only bad things that happen is news. (besides sports, that is always news...)
Harrer defends all mountaineers as courageous and honorable people. Always ready to rescue one another. Mountain comradeship. While Lionel Terray in his book, Conquistadors of the Useless, points out that: "the majority of climbers are complete individualists. Dislikes and rivalries are common among them and comparatively few go on climbing together year after year."
However that may be, Harrer paints an optimistic view of the hardcore mountaineer. It's an upbeat book in that respect. But he dislikes very much all the commentators and thrill seekers with their comments when yet another tragedy unfolds.
And I read it all. And enjoyed it.
For 3 weeks I was on the Eiger Northwand. And almost every day I went a bit higher. Now I'm done and the Eiger goes on.
written: 1959
Heinrich Harrer: 1912 - 2006
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To give some perspective on the first ascend, below an excerpt from an interview with Heckmair, published in Outside Climbing
My Dinner with Anderl Heckmair-Leader of Eiger North Face<\b>
For Heckmair, the Eiger climb was only the prelude to a lifetime of extreme journeys among mountains, deserts, jungles—as well as to the poles of humanity: over the course of nine decades he has crossed paths with personalities ranging from Hitler to the Dalai Lama.
Published Apr 11, 2023 DAVE PAGEL
When he (Heckmair) and Wiggerl (Vörg) met the others on the Second Icefield, he immediately told them, ‘You must go down now, because if you continue, you will surely be killed.’”
It was a valid observation, because although the Austrians were prepared to tackle any rock pitches the Eiger might throw at them, they were poorly equipped for ice and snow. The reason the Germans caught up with them so quickly on the traverse of the Second Icefield is because without an ice axe or even adequate crampons, Kasparek was forced to chop steps for hundreds of feet using only a small hammer. Heckmair and Vörg, outfitted with the most sophisticated ice gear of the day, including 12-point crampons, literally ran across the same ground.
“Anderl is convinced,” his wife informs us, “that the reason he was successful where so many others failed is because the others prepared for the Eiger as a rock climb with just a little ice and snow. But Anderl saw that the Eiger was mainly an ice and snow climb, with only a little rock. This is what made the difference.”
Anderl is also determined to give credit where it is due by making the point that the Eiger ascent was a team effort, and, despite his initial misgivings, he feels the Austrians played a crucial role. “Heini and Kasparek knew the way down,” he says. “They had already climbed the Mittellegi Ridge and gone down the west flank as part of their preparations for the north face.” And so, when Heckmair and his exhausted companions finally crawled onto the Eiger’s summit—at night and in a raging blizzard—it was the Austrians who led them all to safety.
“It was a lucky thing when Wiggerl suggested they should all climb together,” Trudl remarks, and Anderl chuckles his agreement.
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(The fastest ascent of the Eiger North Face.
Ueli Steck has set a new solo speed for the Eiger north face, reaching the summit in two hours, 22 minutes and 50 seconds. He beat the previous record held by compatriot Dani Arnold by over five minutes. “Good conditions on the Eiger. Nov 18, 2015)