Exceptionally insightful and unsentimental history and analysis of the trajectory of black radicalism during the long sixties. Ahmad's firsthand experiences in SNCC and RAM, coupled with an intimate knowledge of the political and theoretical stakes and key actors across the movement, make this a desperately needed (critical) companion to the standard academic histories of the groups he discusses. Especially striking is just how intertwined black nationalist and communist tendencies were throughout this period. The relationship between Malcolm X and RAM by 1964-65--potentially laying the groundwork for a more disciplined, even more far-reaching model of what the Panthers would later aspire to--offers a fascinating and tragic road not taken in advancing a mass black socialist movement. (Now would truly be the perfect time to give this book a good, thorough, professional edit--my God, does it need it--and get it back in the hands of young organizers.