The Joyous Cosmology: Adventures in the Chemistry of Consciousness is such an upbeat and exciting title, it certainly doesn’t sound like it would be a flat or boring book. I mean, Alan Watts didn’t write boring books, did he? Yet it often seemed as if all the effervescence was missing from this one. That signature Watts’ trickster twinkle is largely AWOL here, replaced by a style that often comes across as clinical, or even pedantic. The tone was set in the forward by Timothy Leary and Richard Albert (both still in their Harvard professor hats, not yet moved on to pop culture trickster gurus they would later become). It almost seemed like everyone was trying very hard to make sure all readers would understand that this was a most serious subject.
That doesn’t mean that the book is without value. Just considered as a historical object it is important. Watts was the chief popularizer of mysticism and Eastern thought in the West — brilliant at synthesizing Eastern concepts into modes digestible within Western culture. Having a document where he not only takes on the idea of psychedelic drugs as a useful tool toward mystical experience, but actually documents his own trips with those drugs is significant. The fact that such trips are notoriously difficult to capture in words doesn’t distract from the value of Watts’ experiment.
Watts opened the book with both a preface and a prologue where he attempted to define both the challenge faced, and to defend the use of psychedelic drugs as a legitimate tool for approaching mystical experience. Here he defined the challenge:
The greatest of all superstitions is the separation of the mind from the body. This does not mean that we are being forced to admit that we are only bodies; it means that we are forming an altogether new idea of the body. As yet we have no proper word for a reality that is simultaneously mental and physical.
And here he explained why he had come to see (he took some convincing to get there) psychedelics as a legitimate tool for attempting mystical experience:
Mystical insight is no more in the chemical itself than biological knowledge is in the microscope. There is no difference, in principle, between sharpening perception with an external instrument, such as a microscope, and sharpening it with an internal instrument, such as one of these three drugs.
After establishing these things, he moved on to the heart of his text — what he called the Joyous Cosmology. This is where he attempted to document his own experiments using psychedelics as tools to reaching mystical states. He explained in his prologue and reiterated in his epilogue that while presented as a single trip —
This is a record, not of one experiment with consciousness changing drugs, but of several, compressed for reasons of poetic unity into a single day.
In this main section, he records ideas and thoughts moving through him during the experiences. Here some of Watts trickster twinkle breaks through, yet I feel that like all others who have attempted to record these experiences he mainly succeeded in showing how difficult doing so actually is. For instance, in this section of his mid trip ideas and thoughts he includes an attributed quote, which just seemed odd. Rather than try to describe it any further, I give you quotes from it that particularly struck me.
We are, and always have been One. We acknowledge the marvelously hidden plot, the master illusion whereby we appear to be different. The shock of recognition; in the form of everything most other, alien and remote — the ever receding galaxies, the mystery of death, the terrors of disease and madness, the foreign feeling, goose flesh world of sea monsters and spiders, the queasy labyrinth of my own insides in all these forms I have crept up on myself and yelled “Boo!”
I am moved to marvel at the ingenuity with which divinity hides in order to seek itself, at the lengths to which this cosmic joie de vivre will go in elaborating its dance…I can see people just pretending not to see that they are avatars of Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva, that the cells of their bodies aren’t millions of gods, that the dust isn’t the haze of jewels. How solemnly they would go through the act of not understanding me if I were to step up and say, “Who do you think you’re kidding? Come off it Shiva you old rascal! It’s a great act, but it doesn’t fool me.”
”Self conscious man thinks he thinks. This has long been recognized as to be an error, for the conscious subject who thinks he thinks is not the same as the organ which does the thinking. The conscious person is one component only of a series of transitory aspects of the thinking person.”
L.L. White, The Unconscious Before Freud
Watts used the Epilogue to make conclusions about the nature of his trips:
To try to get rid of what isn’t there is only to prolong confusion. On the whole, it is better to try to be aware of ones ego than to get rid of it. We can then discover that the knower is no different from the sensation of the known, whether the known be external objects or internal thoughts and memories.
Instead of knowers and knowns, there are simply knowings, instead of doers and deeds, simply doings.
He also addressed the reasons why Western culture is uncomfortable with mystical experience, and therefore why there is such hostility to tools like psychedelics that could be used to bring these experiences to a much larger populace:
The content of the mystical experience is thus inconsistent with both the religious and secular components of traditional Western thought. Moreover, mystical experiences often result in attitudes that threaten the authority not only of established churches but also of secular society. Unafraid of death and deficient in worldly ambition, those who have undergone mystical experiences are impervious to threats and promises. Moreover, their sense of the relativity of good and evil arouses the suspicion that they lack both conscience and respect for the law.
There is a lot of valuable information in The Joyous Cosmology. I would encourage anyone with more than a passing interest in the use and/or history of psychedelics to add it to their reading. If you are a fan of Alan Watts work, I would caution you, however, to not come expecting the same flair you may be used to in his other volumes. This book easily rates three and a half stars, but I am rounding down rather than up to distinguish it from his other books that have had a greater impact on me.