Clarke reminds us that at one time in our history, we had presidents who knew how to give speeches. But the book opens with a prologue set in Arlington National Cemetery.
Prologue at Arlington National Cemetery it is the sadist place in America aside form the Vietnam Memorial (p. 5) and a quote from William Pitt the 1700’s: “:It is not merely the thing that is said but the man who says it that counts, the character that breathes through the sentences.” (8).
Author says that with so many books about JFK, the speech he delivered goes to the heart as well as the mind ....and that has an impact of people of now and then (9). Early in the book, Clarke addresses the question of who wrote the speech: It was JFK’s words put together by several writers (13) but it was 99% JFK (17).
The final copy was typed (not computers in those days, re-typing the whole speech) two hours before JFK spoke (18). We get a short list of who was on the platform. Marian Anderson was the only African American. Richard Nixon gets his only reference in the book. (20). in the early pages, we also get a lesson in how great speeches were often written in a short time. And, we learn that the speech had only 413 words, fewer than most speeches up to that time.
The action of the book begins in chapter 2 when the Kennedy family and especially his staff are in Florida working frantically to prepare JFK to speak. Jackie gets some attention as she wanted to watch, not listen, him prepare for the event of his life. We read a little about how the Kennedy family worked. This is where Lyndon gets his one reference in the book. Clarke says that LBJ had an ability to bring out the worst of JFK and RFK. (48). And we get a few chapters about the infidelities of JFK and his father.
The theme of the rest of the book is JFK’s need to have everything right in his speeches. “He fussed over every word, dictating, re-dictating, and edits king until moments before delivering it, then making feather chances as he spoke.” (52 – 61) Later he finds that that the use of “ask not” words was perfect, a “master sentence.” (75)
Quick reference to Vietnam p. 85
His “…most delivered the most controversial and courageous speech of his Senate career, on the most controversial and courageous speech of his Senate career, on the subject of Algeria, where France was fight another brutal colonial war.” (880 “Kennedy was impatient, and antitheses are the enemy of ambiguity, rhetorical shorthand that saves time by reducing a complicated problem to its fundamentals.” P. 91
Chapter 6 shows us how TV impacted the way the speech was understood and opened up a new means for politicians to impact the nation. (116-117)
Our author takes JFK’s thinking about the people have to sacrifice and commitment, a stance very different from the words of Ike. (119). the author says that a connection grew between the leaving and the entering presidents. (145). Even the 8 inches of snow in DC the day takes a page of the book as does Robert Frost’s 8 minutes long poem. (139) And, yes, Marilyn Monroe gets a note. (153)
JFK was considered a mediocre publish speaker. “Progress came slowly to Kennedy because he was not simply trying to eliminate bad public speaking habits, but to overcome some basic character traits such as his impatience, restlessness and unwillingness to do anything slightly undignified.:” p. 163
We get lots of comments about the speech and the day. In the final pages, he says that the inauguration and the assassination “haunt each other.” (212) the people who were on the platform on the inauguration day were at the funeral in 1963.
Last sentence of the book may be a shot to Trump. “….as the Kennedy presidency grows more distant, many will read these sentences and mourn a time when a speech could move a nation and launch an era of idealism, optimism, and joy.”
As someone who watched the 1960 inauguration and went on to have a career of teaching the power of effective communication, I enjoyed the book very much.