Jackie Robinson was the first African American to play in the Major League, but John Jordan O’Neil aka Buck, was the first African American to coach in the MLB (Chicago Cubs).
Born in November of 1911 in Carrabelle, FL.
Buck played in the Negro Leagues as a first Baseman as well as the Skipper for the Kansas City Monarchs.
Satchel Paige is the first baseball player to be inducted into the baseball hall of fame on his Negro league career alone.
J.L. Wilkinson, the owner of the Monarch’s, invented night baseball five years before the MLB did.
Satchel called Buck, “Nancy.” For the time Buck saved him from getting exposed for cheating on his wife with a Native American named, Nancy.
Buck’s grandfather, Julius O’Neil, was a pure Mandingo. Born on the banks of the Niger River who was taken by a slave ship to America. He worked on a plantation in the Carolinas.
Black baseball, as Buck referred to it, relied on their speed and was aggressive. A lot of stealing, bunting, hit-and-run play. The style Jackie Robinson took with him to the Majors.
Andrew “Rube” Foster was referred to as the “Father of Black Baseball.” Even though black baseball was around a long time before Rube came around. He is also the creator of the “Hit-and-Run” or in his case, the “Bunt-and-Run.” Foster also established the Negro National League, created in 1920, in hopes of being be adopted by the MLB. Which didn’t happen until 1962.
Rube is why Buck wanted to become a manger one day. At the age of 12 is when he came to this conclusion.
It was also around that time did Buck join a semipro team in Sarasota called the “Tigers.” They needed someone to fill in for their injured first baseman due to sickness so they asked Buck’s principal, Miss Emma Booker, and he stayed for two seasons, eventually took over the position for the older guy. For thirty years he didn’t leave first base.
Buck’s dad left for several years after an altercation with a white deputy sheriff who was going to hit Buck’s mom for being too “uppity.”
Back in that time, black students only went up to the 8th grade. There were only four high schools in Florida that accepted black students. Buck got to attend Edward Waters College, a small Methodist School, in Jacksonville, who had a high school for black kids, on a scholarship thanks to his friend Lloyd Haisley, who introduced him to Ox Clemons, who was the baseball and football coach at the time.
Buck was also a “Box Boy” on a celery farm where his dad worked in the fall as well.
Buck spent four years at Edward Waters. Two for high school and two for college.
He then signed with his first professional baseball team, the Tampa Black Smokers in 1933. After a month, he signed with the Miami Giants.
Half of the black teams were called the Giants for a specific reason: newspapers refused to print pictures of black people across the Country. But there were a lot of good black baseball teams around and they were attractions. So “Giants” became a code word. If you saw an advertisement that a Giants team was coming to town to play a semipro team, you knew right away the visiting team was black. Buck was a “Giant” three times in his career.
The Miami Giants were sort of the unofficial minor league team for the Negro National League. Not Rube Foster’s league but the one that started in 1932 on the East coast. This was also the first time Buck got paid for playing baseball. He got $10/week. Plus room and board.
The New York Cubans first basemen, Martin Dihigo is the only player to be inducted into the Mexican, Cuban, and American baseball Halls of Fame. One of the Cubans pitchers was Luis Tiant, the father of Luis Tiant, who pitched for the Red Sox and pitched in the World Series.
Buck eventually joined Ollie Marcelle, Wayne Carr, Bill Riggins on the New York Tigers. A traveling baseball team that had nothing to do with New York. They were headed out west at the time. This is when he got shot at waiting to jump a train while trying to boil corn, having to jump trains, being broke, and having to jump out of boarding houses because they couldn’t afford the stay.
After coming back from Wichita and promising his mom that he was done with baseball in ‘36, Buck got a letter from Winfield Welch, who was the chief bellman at the biggest hotel in in Shreveport and the owner of the Shreveport Acme Giants, which were a farm team for the Kansas City Monarchs. He wanted Buck to join his club.
The owner of the Monarch’s was James Leslie Wilkinson. A white man.
In 1937, a new league was created, The Negro American League. The Memphis Red Sox bought Buck from the Acme Giants. A way for Wilkie to get him in the league until he could find a spot for him on the Monarchs.
Buck then went to play for the Cannibal Giants. Where he had to wear a grass skirt while playing in Canada.
After, Buck returned to the Memphis Red Sox with a $10 raise.
Two things happened that landed Buck with the Monarchs: one, the first basemen of the Monarchs, Head Mayweather, broke his leg, then Dr. Martin brought in Double Duty Redcliffe from the Cincinnati Tigers to manage the Red Sox. Double Duty brought in his own first baseman, Jelly Taylor. So Buck was free to go and Kansas City signed him.
Willard Brown is credited for hitting the first American League home run by a black player for the St. Luis Browns.
The 1942 Kansas City Monarchs were the greatest team to every play according to Buck.
Willie Wells invented the batting helmet after getting hit in the head by Bill Byrd.
Buck got drafted during WW2 and was assigned to the Navy Stevedore Battalion. His job was to load/unload ships. His assignments were in the Marina Islands and then Subic Bay in the Philippines.
During this time, Ora, his future wife agreed to marry him.
Hilton Smith is the player from the Monarch’s to recommend Jackie Robinson to the Monarchs.
The old commissioner, Kenesaw Mountain Landis publicly acknowledged that there was no discrimination in baseball, but behind the scenes did everything he could to stop it. It wasn’t until he died in 1944, did Branch Rickey, who was ready to integrate baseball, bring in Jackie Robinson. Or he was “allowed” too.
In 1943, Bill Veeck wanted to buy the Philadelphia Phillies, but it was known he was going to field a team of Negro-players. Landis instead reward the team to a gambler.
Bunch left the Navy is 1946.
When Jackie Robinson left for the MLB and was playing well, that was the beginning of the end for the Negro Leagues. 1946 was highest grossing season for the Negro League, making $2 Million in profit.
In 1948, Buck became the manager for the Monarchs. As a player-manager.
Elston Howard was the first black ball player to play for the Yankees. Buck is the reason for the introduction.
Cool Papa found Earnie Banks. Future Chicago Cub. Buck signed him to the Monarchs on Cool Papa’s opinion.
In 1953, the then General Manager of the Cubs, offered Buck a job. Buck not only signed Earnie Banks to the Monarchs but to the Cubs too.
17 Monarchs got sent to the MLB in total. Buck credits Banks as the best of them all.
The Red Sox almost signed Willie Mays. Except the scout who came to see him play went home instead of staying an extra day over a rain delay. The Giants signed him instead. Side note: the Red Sox owned the stadium the Birmingham Black Barons played in.
Buck signed four future Hall-of-Famers during his time with the Monarchs: Ernie Banks, Lou Brock, Lee Smith, and Joe Carter. He almost signed Bob Gibson. Except he signed with the St. Louis Cardinals.
In 1954, the highest paid ball player for the Monarchs was a woman by the name of Toni Stone. Who used to play for the Indianapolis Clowns. She was a second baseman. Kansas City brought her in for attendance purposes.
When Buck was a scout for the Cubs, one of the few black scouts in the league, he found Oscar Gamble. Played 17 years and in two World Series with the Yankees.
Lou Brock named the middle name of one of his sons, “O’Neil,” after Buck.
In 1962, at the age of 50, the Cubs named Buck a coach. Making him the first black coach in the MLB.
In 1963, Gene Baker, was the first black manager with the Pirates minor league team, Batavia.
In 1975, the Cleveland Indians made Frank Robinson their players manager. The first skipper in the history of the majors.
Between 1949-1962, 11 of the 14 NFC MVP’s went to black men.
1964, Buck returned to scouting.
Bunch signed Joe Carter. Cubs traded him away too soon. He ended up hitting a HR to win the World Series for the Blue Jays in ‘93.
In 1965, Kansas City Athletics owner, Charles O., signed Satchel, more for the publicity stunt than anything. Until, Sept. 25th of that year when he instructed then, manager, Haywood Sullivan, to start Paige against the Boston Red Sox. Satchel went three innings giving up only one hit. That one hit was by, Carl Yastrzemski. That made him the oldest player to every appear in an MLB game. Paige was 59.
Buck retired after 32 years with the Cubs in 1988 to spend more time with his wife Ora who had just retired from teaching.
Shortly after, he got a call from the Kansas City Royals. To serve as special assignment scout.
Buck received his high school diploma at 83 years old. His proudest moment.
Buck now serves on the Veterans Committee for the Baseball Hall of Fame. Him and Monte Irvin are the only former Negro league players on the committee now that Roy Campanella passed. His job is to forward names of the players he thinks belong on the Hall. - He also runs the Negro Leagues Museum in Kansas City
Good read. Not quite what I expected as I was hoping to get a more in depth look at the man, Buck O’Neil. Instead Buck in a humiliating way, used his platform to shed light on players of the Negro League that haven’t gotten the recognition they deserve. I think I read more about Satchel Paige than I did about Buck. Nonetheless, I found out a lot of stuff that I didn’t know. Glad I found this book and glad I now know who John Jordan O’Neil is, or should I say, “Nancy,” since that’s what Satchel called him.