No one likes chronic complainers, but when complaints are done right, they are opportunities to attain
improvements, both for the individual and for the public. The thesis of this book “is that our complaints can be resolved, they do matter, and taking action to pursue them is better than falling into passivity and helplessness.”
Most people don’t know how to complain effectively, however,
and this book provides useful guidance. Common mistakes
complainers make are these:
* Complaining to someone who has no authority to fix the
problem.
* Phrasing requests in the form of complaints, which isn’t a
good way to get the help we seek.
* Complaining solely to vent emotions, not to seek redress.
Research shows that 95 percent of disgruntled consumers never complain to the company responsible for their dissatisfaction.
In their personal life, people may fail to share with their partners reasons for dissatisfaction. In both cases, failing to complain to
the right person prevents them from attaining a resolution. Companies and individuals won’t change if they don’t hear about the problems.
Unhappy customers don’t complain because they assume it won’t do any good. They are engaging in self-fulfilling and self-defeating behavior that leaves them feeling helpless. When the
problem is a rude or incompetent employee, customers should realize it often takes several complaints before a bad worker isterminated; ineffective complaining keeps rude people on the
job.
Winch gives good advice about how to complain:
* Never voice more than one complaint at a time. That requires us to decide which one of our dissatisfactions to focus on.
* Be sure to identify exactly what we hope to gain by complaining; if the potential gain would be much less than the
expected costs of complaining at that time, then it’s best to postpone it.
* Recognize that complaints always come with dangers, some of which can’t be anticipated. On the other hand,
undercomplaining can also be risky, both psychologically and, when it involves doctors, physically.
* Avoid expressing anger in the complaint, no matter how justified the complainer feels the anger is. Anger gets attention, but it distracts from the essence of the complaint.
* Since people often postpone complaining until they reach the
boiling point, however, the temptation is strong to vent. A better
approach than venting is a poker face to hide or suppress our emotions. We can also try reframing the situation in our minds
so it has less of an emotional impact on us; there is likely some positive side if we search for it. Reframing or reappraising has been shown more effective than suppression in decreasing negative emotions.
* The best way to motivate another person to help us resolve our problem is to present our complaint in as palatable a way as we can. Consider things from the recipient’s point of view People
prefer to help those who treat them respectfully, while surreptitiously dragging their feet for those who insult them.
* All of us tend to respond defensively when confronted with complaints. Consequently, “a compliment ought to always precede a complaint, where one is possible,” advised Mark Twain, “because it softens resentment and insures for the complaint a courteous and gentle reception."
* Next comes the meat of the complaint and the request for redress.
* The final slice of bread should be a final spoonful of sugar that makes the medicine go down and reduces the likelihood of our complaint being dismissed outright.
* Make eye contact, though not with an angry glare.
* Remember that the complaint is actually an appeal for cooperation. When people are in a good mood, they’re more likely to be cooperative. One way to elicit receptivity is to offer an authentic smile. This approach is useful when dealing both in the marketplace and in the home.
The four common mistakes in communicating
with loved ones are generalized criticism (instead of addressing a specific issue), defensiveness, withdrawal, and contempt.
Winch recommends that parents limit complaints and directives to no more than one-fifth of their communication with teens, who tend to withdraw or get emotional in the face of repeated
complaining. Effective complaining strengthens relationships, Winch says.
How a couple handles complaints is a good barometer of the health of their relationship.
How we receive complaints from loved ones matters. Winch urges us to resist our natural inclination to defensiveness. He recommends we always allow the partner to finish speaking
without interruption, even when we may disagree.
People complain when they are angry, frustrated or disappointed, and
cutting them off in midstream would only make them more so. Allowing them to vent can make it easier to calm down later when it’s our turn to present our view. Being sympathetic to our partner’s distress may lead them to reciprocate.
When responding, start by repeating their complaint. This indicates how well we listen and understand. It reflects respect for their view and provides emotional validation. It gives them opportunity to correct our (mis)understanding, which prevents us from arguing about the wrong thing.
After doing the above, we can disagree if appropriate. Handling complaints to
someone’s satisfaction increases loyalty, whether to a company or a partner.
People feel less frustration and more in control of their lives when they can obtain redress for their complaints. Redress is more likely when we follow Winch’s rules. ###