Indonesia proclaimed its independence on August 17th, 1945, soon after Japan surrendered to the Allies in WW2. However, the war did not immediately cease as the former colonial ruler, the Dutch, tried to regain their position in the young country. The Dutch then only formally recognized Indonesia's independence on December 27th, 1949.
Nanna is the matriarch of Lee family, the mother of two sons and two daughters: Chip, Ting, Carolien and Sue. She didn't name them that way though - her children associate themselves with the Dutch to gain both social and financial benefits. Carolien is Nanna's headstrong and fiercely independent daughter. She got married to the man of her choice, against the wishes of her family members. When the marriage failed, she returned home and determined to raise her daughter, Jenny, all by herself. Jenny grows up in the country's transitioning years where her Dutch upbringing proves to put her at a disadvantage position.
One of the many parts that capture my attention is the conversation between Nanna and Carolien when the latter tried to defy her family's wish. Carolien tried to reason her choice of marrying out of love but Nanna retorted her by saying that love is '... When a woman's loins have grown tired and a man still finds rest beside her. Love is when a man chisels a cavity in a woman's heart and the woman fill the gaping hole with concern for his well-being.' The patriarchal Chinese society has seen men ruling over women's life and being born as "only a girl" mean one's expected to live a life filled with more difficulties than her male counterpart. Arranged marriages was a norm and there was no room for Western's version of romantic love. As for the meaning of the later sentence, worrying about someone's well-being is also a form of caring according to Chinese customs.
However, the communal aspect of life observed in Asia - when collective aspiration is more important than one's own desire and needs is challenged in the later parts of the book. Jenny's father, Po Han, who comes back to her life after years of absence, voices his opinion regarding Jenny's ambiguous feeling about a young man she dates, for he is well-liked by her mother and grandmother though she doesn't like him as much as they do. Po Han tells her that '... Okay is not enough to wrap one's life around.' She also doesn't need a man to take care of her because she is the best person to take care of herself.
Chinese women often see marriages as a way to elevate their social and economic status. Men's wealth is an important aspect in choosing one's life partner because wealthy women were expected to become good housewives and financially depended on their husbands. Nevertheless, with Jenny's upbringing, she has the education and skills needed to break the glass ceilings built over the life of Chinese women. Jenny doesn't have to marry a man just because he comes from a good background and able to take care of her financial needs.
The novel is an interesting observation of the dynamic interactions between the Chinese, Dutch and the native Indonesian in the dawn of a nation's emergence. Rather than viewing the era from a heroic stand, it brings the readers to observe the life of commoners - the life of people who try to survive under the unstable political situations. Chinese people are known for their strong traditions that are still observed though they're no longer living in their homeland. Respect for elders and tough and quiet love are general traits of Chinese immigrants around the world, but it often brings conflicts between the elders and their more Westernized children.