2.5/5.0
There are two stories worth reading in this collection: "A Composer and His Parakeets" and "A Good Fall."
As a short story lover, my heart sank when I found myself disappointed by this collection. I have been looking forward to reading Ha Jin for quite some time because of the good reviews. But I am disappointed by most of the stories except the two mentioned above, especially considering this is not his first book and was not published in the last century. To me, most stories are just a little more finished than a third draft in a creative writing seminar. Many of them have good promise to become interesting stories but are still too rough as they are now.
Here are the major problems I have:
1. I would agree with other readers that Ha Jin has some good plotting and he is quick at building up conflict, but he did not make the most out of his characters. In these stories, most narrators don't have much character development, they are mostly narrative carriers. True, some may found their lives altered (like the narrator in "Children As Enemies"), but they remained their old selves and we don't see much of character development or discovery.
In some cases, I almost got a feeling that he despised them, to a point that he did not bother to understand their feelings. Take the woman in "A Pension Plan" for example. Ha Jin puts her in such an interesting situation where she had so much room to explore herself: her sexuality (when she was facing the old man's harassment), her feeling/experience/longing about romance (when the man's daughter proposed a fake marriage), her complicated feelings about learning English (which was mentioned but portrayed rather abruptly with inconsistency), her vision for her future (which was again touched upon by the old lady scene but not developed enough)... Ha Jin could have made her a complicated character with a unique voice, but instead, she came out as simple-minded woman asking for nothing but a pension.
Such indifference towards his characters is what makes his stories end weak. We are always left with some expected solutions of the tension yet not knowing what will happen to those characters afterward -- sometimes I feel the stories end too late to worth contemplating and too early to be complete.
2. The interpretation of China and Chineseness in the characters has the potential to bear more nuance, but those opportunities are missed. Similar to his treatment to his characters, Ha Jin treats China more as an equipment to move the plot forward rather than a locus of conflict and nuance. He uses Chinese food, Chinese medicine, kung fu, and many other cultural symbols to make sure we know they are Chinese, but they did nothing more than just cultural markers. The characters either speak of China as a poor country with no financial or academic prospect, or an underdeveloped society where traditional values are held so tightly that there was no room for negotiation. I am not a China expert but I do hope, from a reader's point of view, when I'm reading about diasporic characters, I can see more complicated feelings about the old country and its culture. Take the professor in "An English Professor" for example, it is all very fine if a character's motivation to live in the US is money, but I would like to see how this motivation is challenged, reshaped, or twisted when real America becomes present. Instead of working on that, Ha Jin made the character a single-minded man wanting to stay in the US because he could make more money. We don't understand why he was so committed to staying in the US, nor are we given a clear explanation on how the "professor" identity matters to him, and eventually we are not told what becomes of him after his plan was fulfilled.
3. The writing craft. The major problem I have with his writing style is his physical description. This might not be accurate (I have returned my library copy and am writing from my memory) but the impression I got is that every time he tries to describe a woman his gaze always moves from an oval face to almond eyes and then thin middle. And for male characters, he had hardly anything more than their body shape and facial expressions. Short stories are supposed to be compact, which means it relies more on unique characters.
Another thing is his usage of dialogue. There are many occasions I don't think a dialogue conveys anything more than factual information and does very little to character construction or plot development. He could have made the stories much more concise by replacing those informative dialogues with a narrative.
Lastly, as a reader, I feel I am "told" too much but "showed" too little. In "An English Professor," the narrator's criticism on the Professor's collection which was handed to him towards the end of the story was an example of "tell not show." It is quite boring when it comes from the narrator as it wouldn't do much to change the relationship. If he wanted it to be purely informative, then he could probably make it come from a publisher. If he wants this detail to have an impact on revealing the narrator's feeling towards his professor, he could do so by showing it earlier in the story and give the narrator more room to work on his relationship with the professor.
Finally, a few reactions I jotted down as I moved through the book:
[The Beauty]
I don't know why but the third story just annoyed me to a point that at times I had to put it down and roll my eyes... The background information of each character took more room for explanation than necessary. The story could have been more concise and exciting had it been cut to, say the least, its 2/3 length. The main character seems plain and stereotypical. His relationship with the mother was anticipated and almost a cliche because Ha Jin did not give the two enough personality to reverse the cliche. The physical description of the two female characters made me feel uncomfortable: they are, again, cliche and sexist. Nor did I see the relationship ever made an impact on the narrator's character. Sammy, the teenage girl, is the only one that I find interesting -- she could have so much potential to be developed into a complicated character with twisted feelings and moral struggles in her but Ha Jin did not give her enough room to grow further than half a line in the ending.
[The House Behind a Weeping Cherry]
This is one of the stories that I slightly take a liking. A young man living in a brothel. This is a classic plot that has all kinds of potential to be a great place to explore the tension of gender, poverty, trauma, and humanity. Still, instead of getting into the feelings of the characters, Ha Jin stayed at the surface, having them experiencing sensuality and financial difficulty, rather than pushing for moral tension and dilemma. Ha Jin again shows his ignorance of women and the underclass when he makes those women address themselves as prostitutes or whores -- if he ever talked with more than three people working in that field he would have a much larger vocabulary to express their self-interpretation. The male narrator also sounds too bookish to be a part of the house, how would a manual worker talk to the girls? I think it would make more sense if Ha Jin paints him as a working student than just a factory worker.