Two or three stars seems appropriate for this one, and here’s why. On the one hand, the book does present a fairly decent overview of the findings of positive psychology, and, in particular, on how to apply those findings to your life and career.
At the same time, I can’t imagine that the studies cited in this book have aged well. Keep in mind that the book was released in 2010, which happens to coincide with the beginnings of the “replication crisis” in the behavioral sciences. This crisis, of course, found that several previously released studies could not be replicated upon further testing.
So in addition to the fact that some of the studies referenced in this book seem far-fetched, Shawn Achor basically begs us to assume they’re part of the replication crisis when he writes, on page 75, in reference to one of his examples, that “while this was only one study and its effects were probably temporary, it illustrates how strongly our beliefs can affect our abilities.”
In other words, he might as well have written, “the study may be total BS, and it may not at all be replicable, but because it supports my main point, I’ll think I’ll just go ahead and include it.” This is not so much a good sign for the rest of the book. For example, I can’t help but think the study suggesting that people can slow the physical aging process by pretending they’re younger is one such study that would fail the replication process.
Of course, the “replication crisis” doesn’t mean that every psychological study ever conducted is fraudulent or mistaken. But the problem is that Achor does not distinguish between the studies that have more extensive scientific support and those that do not. The reader is simply left guessing.
Also, it’s worth noting that the entire premise of the book seems bizarre. It’s a little odd for the author to tell us that success does not create happiness, but that we should pursue happiness FOR success. The whole concept of happiness is a bit cheapened when it is commodified and presented only as a MEANS to achieve “success and performance” at work, which the author just told us is not an integral part of overall life satisfaction.
Happiness should be pursued for its own sake as an ultimate good; productivity or “success” at work may or may not follow, but if you’re already happy, why should you care? Following Aristotle, we know that it would never make sense to pursue a superior end (happiness) for the sake of an inferior one (productivity), and that claiming otherwise is a bit like telling a doctor that they should heal the sick so that they can practice medicine.
Achor even defines happiness as “the joy we feel striving after our potential,” which we do by exercising our signature strengths. The pursuit of meaningful work for its own sake—and not for the sake of being more “productive”—therefore seems to be the better way to present the findings of positive psychology. This is, in fact, how Harvard professor Tal Ben-Shahar conveys the findings of positive psychology in his book Happier.
Nevertheless, it does seem to be true that happiness is largely, as Achor maintains, a subjective phenomenon, and therefore at least somewhat within each person’s control. And certain activities like meditation, keeping a gratitude journal, committing acts of kindness, and exercising signature strengths, among other things, does seem to boost happiness, as the book maintains. It’s just that this advice is better expressed elsewhere, perhaps from someone with a less corporatized mind. In fact, there are, in my opinion, superior books on the subject, for example The Happiness Hypothesis by Jonathan Haidt, The Conquest of Happiness by Bertrand Russell, Flow by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, and Happier by Tal Ben-Shahar.