"Each person was thought to have a guardian spirit which was revealed to him in a dream or vision. the power quest journey usually took the adolescent to a mountain cave or cliff. the vision was actively sought by fasting and exercise." p177
"The conservatism toward change by the Modoc illustrates that people adapted to their surroundings, rather than trying to change them. Surviving in periods of drought and cold, they perpetuated a culture pattern that has provided an almost continuous scenario from the period of occupation of North America to the era of European contact. These fierce people, called "Primitive Pragmatists" were able to defend and hold their territory against the pressures of aggressive Paiutes, the Shastas and their Pit River neighbors." p236