Jesus' Blood and Righteousness: Paul's Theology of Imputation

by Brian Vickers

The question of whether Paul teaches that Christ's righteousness is imputed to the believer has been debated for roughly four hundred years. Some of the questions that arise What is the connection between Adam and the rest of the human race? How did Christ fulfill the role of the second or new Adam? How can the "ungodly" stand before a righteous God? In Jesus' Blood and Righteousness , Brian Vickers investigates the key Pauline texts linked historically to the topic of imputation. Though Vickers spends a good deal of time on the particulars of each text, he keeps one eye on the broader biblical horizon; like any doctrine, imputation must be investigated exegetically and synthetically. This book, and its conclusion that the imputation of Christ's righteousness is a legitimate and necessary synthesis of Paul's teaching, is a valuable contribution to the ongoing debate on imputation.

Genres: Theology

254 pages, Paperback

First published October 26, 2006

Reviews

[E · Rating 3 out of 5]

This was Vickers' PhD dissertation and underwent little to no dumbing down in the publication process. It is a dense work, therefore; heavy on footnotes (you know, the type that take up literally 75% of the page). The first chapter is an extensive look at the doctrine of imputation over time (mostly since the Reformation), followed by in-depth looks at the three main Pauline imputation passages: Romans 4; Romans 5:19; and 2 Corinthians 5:21. Vickers considers the options before arriving at the conclusion that the traditional Reformed view of imputation can be defended by the texts--our sins really are imputed to Christ, and his righteousness to us. He then looks at several other passages briefly, such as 1 Corinthians 1:30; Philippians 3:9. Throughout, and also at the end, he also addresses objections. His main conversation partner here is NT Wright, a scholar who is strong in lots of areas but absolutely terrible here. Vickers has good responses to Wright's arguments.

I wouldn't recommend this book unless you're REALLY interested in Pauline theology, but it is a good and important work. Imputation is very near the "heart" of the gospel, and it is quite difficult to remove it without doing irreparable, perhaps fatal, harm to the patient.

[Jeremy Tetreau · Rating 4 out of 5]

A clear presentation of the exegetical and theological case for the imputation of Christ's righteousness to the believer. Vickers examines three key texts and synthesizes them into a coherent argument. His discussion of 2 Corinthians 5:21 (informed by Wright's interpretation) is particularly helpful. I would recommend the book for those who want a thorough understanding of the Reformed position (presented in a balanced and respectful way). It is by no means an easy read; be prepared to interact with extensive footnotes.

Vickers could have dealt more specifically with accusations that imputation borrows more from medieval concepts of a treasury of merit than the Bible itself. He references this argument toward the beginning but fails to respond in any substantive way.

[Todd Miller · Rating 5 out of 5]

Not for the faint at heart, but thorough and satisfying. If you want to know about the doctrine of imputation then this is the book.

[Michael Chen · Rating 4 out of 5]

Years ago I felt like some traditional Reformed teaching on imputation glossed over the biblical texts--it insisted on imputation, without showing it in the text.

So this book helped me a lot, since it deals so carefully with the texts and their synthesis. Its treatment of union with Christ made me think--and then it made me worship.

BTW, I LOL'ed at another review that says, "I wouldn't recommend this book unless you're REALLY interested in Pauline theology." Yup, it can be pretty dense.

[Simon Wartanian · Rating 5 out of 5]

I love this book! The imputation of Christ's righteousness is such a precious doctrine. The author is very clear and interacts with a variety of authors who object to the imputation of Christ's righteousness, while not being driven to see imputation everywhere but carefully exegeting the texts and forming a synthesis. Reading this strengthened my joy in the Lord my righteousness. Glory be to God!

[David Voetberg · Rating 5 out of 5]

Detailed exploration into the topic of justification in the writings of the Apostle Paul. Thorough, careful & ultimately affirms Christ's righteousness being imputed to all who are in him by faith.

[Jacob · Rating 3 out of 5]

This is another book that needs to be reread after much greater and better deliberation of justification studies. Brian Vickers had a tremendous impact on my education as I entered my first year of studies in Louisville. He was my hermeneutics professor and sunday school teacher, and taught me how important it is to study the scripture critically. I would leave much of what he said and adopt a much more ecclesial approach after graduating. Nonetheless, he set the wheels in motion to thinking about how to interpret scripture, and the importance of critical scholarship.

[Mark · Rating 5 out of 5]

A clear, biblical defense of imputation.