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302 pages, Paperback
First published March 15, 2010
As a teacher of poetry, I am often confounded by the difficulties faced by emerging readers as they sort out the literal and symbolic meanings of a poem. New readers of poetry seem ready to leap to symbolic interpretations but often just plain miss the real, tangible things that give those symbols their life—literally. The overwhelming emphasis on alienation in modern Western literature and on fragmentation in postmodern Western literature seems to have widened the divide between an object, its metonymic association, and the metaphor based on those constructions, a divide that is particularly manifest in poetry, the most humane of intellectual endeavors.