Ekvinocijo

by Ivo Vojnović

Drama Ive Vojnovića Ekvinocijo, koji se donekle oslanja na pripovijetku Tužna Jele Mate Vodopića, dobiva prvu nagradu na natječaju upriličenom u povodu otvaranja nove kazališne zgrade u Zagrebu, gdje je u režiji Stjepana Miletića i praizvedena 1895. godine. Vojnović tom dramom znatno odstupa od devetnaestostoljetnog repertoara, te nagoviješta dramu hrvatske moderne, premda se ne okreće sasvim radikalno od tradicije i žanra društvene drame.

Ekvinocijo sadrži i verističke (naturalističke) i simbolističke elemente (ekvinocij, oluja). Smješten je u pučku sredinu, među dubrovački gruški puk i njegov govor, čime se dubrovački dijalekt vraća na scenu hrvatskog kazališta. Dramska situacija Ekvinocija je poznata, često obrađivana u književnosti, pa i u starijoj dubrovačkoj mladom zaljubljenom paru (Anica, Ivo) kao smetnja javlja se djevojčin otac (kapetan Frano) i stariji i bogati ženik, povratnik iz Amerike Niko, uz paralelnu radnju odnosa središnjeg lika majke Jele s Nikom, vanbračnim Ivinim ocem. Kroz izvanrednu karakterizaciju likova, kako glavnih tako i sporednih koji, kao i u kasnijim djelima, često imaju svoje realne predloške u stvarnom Dubrovniku (Vlaho Slijepi, Mare postjerica itd.), Vojnović među prvima progovara o siromaštvu puka i poremećaju vrijednosti zbog emigracije u Ameriku i bogatstva koje od tamo pristiže. U načinu prikaza dubrovačkih težaka, ribara i pomoraca Vojnović se najviše ugleda na naturalističko i verističko kazalište svoga doba (Hauptmann, Verga), ali se donekle oslanja i na dugu dubrovačku dramsku tradiciju.

Genres: School, Classics

80 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1895

About the author

Vojnović was born in Dubrovnik as the first son of Count Konstantin Vojnović (1832–1903) and María de Serraglí (1836–1922) on the 9th of October 1857 in Dubrovnik, the Habsburg Monarchy. He was a member of the Serbian noble House of Vojnović. The city of his birth and its history had an important influence on his later literary work. Most of his childhood however he spent in Split. He had a famous younger brother Lujo Vojnović, who would later play an important political and cultural role in the late 19th- and 20th-century Dalmatia and Montenegro. As a young man he moved to Zagreb with his family, where he graduated from the University of Zagreb Faculty of Law in 1879. Until 1884 he served as a trainee of the Royal Court Table in Zagreb. After that he continued his judicial career in Križevci (1884-1889), Bjelovar (1889), Zadar (1889-1891). In 1893, Vojnović wrote a short play Gundulićev san (lit. Gundulić's Dream) that was published in Dubrovnik at the time of the unveiling of the Gundulić monument, which explicitly advocated a unity of Croats and Serbs in Dubrovnik. In 1899, he obtained employment at the court in Dubrovnik, then moved to Supetar on the island of Brač, then to Zadar, and again to Supetar. His career in the judiciary ended in 1907 when he was fired from the office in Supetar because of financial wrongdoing, and stripped of pension rights. In 1907 he became the dramaturg at the Croatian National Theatre in Zagreb.At this time, Vojnović's pro-Serbian ideas were apparent from his work, in which he enthusiastically supported the unification of South Slavs under Serbia.
Prior to the Balkan Wars, Vojnović wrote plays that showed great pride in his origins, however, that would not augur well during World War I when his country got invaded. In 1911 travelled to Italy, Prague, Budapest, Belgrade. In his 1912 visit to Belgrade he publicly claimed he had Serbian noble descent. In 1914 he went back to Dubrovnik where the Austrian-Hungarian government imprisoned him in a Šibenik jail under charges of being a Yugoslavian nationalist. After four months, on Christmas Eve 1914 he was relocated to a prison near Linz, Austria. He was detained without trial for three years by his Austrian captors.[citation needed] In 1917 he was finally transferred to the Sisters of Mercy Hospital in Zagreb. There, unsuccessful attempts were made to cure some severe eye ailments that he had contracted while being incarcerated. After World War I ended, in 1919 he moved to France, where he mostly lived in Nice until 1922 when he moved back to Dubrovnik. Because of his claims of being a nobleman, and because of his unrestrained Yugoslavism, by 1924 Miroslav Krleža had engaged in a public feud with him, calling him a fake count and a drama dilettante. In 1928, Vojnović's eye problems became acute, threatened with blindness, and in ill health, he went to Serbia to be treated in a sanatorium in Krunska street, Vračar, Belgrade. He died there in 1929.

Reviews

[Ivana Books Are Magic · Rating 4 out of 5]

Equinox is a fantastic naturalistic play. When a writer succeeds in engaging the reader for drama, he or she has already done half the work, because that motivation to find out what happens to the characters greatly increases the enjoyment of the reading process itself. From the very beginning, I was intrigued by the fate of the characters in this drama. Perhaps the characters are a little black and white ultimately, but they are well portrayed and described. I mean, the characters in this play are mostly either good or bad, but I still can't say they're not convincing. In the end, life sometimes comes down to it, good and evil people. People may not be black and white, they have flaws and virtues, but sometimes I get the feeling that they can be divided, that they are at their core either good or bad.

This drama seems real to me, in the sense that I can easily imagine how something like that actually happened or could have happened, and yet again it is literal enough to be enjoyed in its artistic aspect. It's not long, it's not hard to read, it is easy to get into it and enjoy it. The region and the people are affected, the language is appropriate, the feeling of Dalmatia is very present in the atmosphere, in the characters, in everything. What to say about the topic? The mother's love for the child is an inexhaustible topic, often present in literature, certainly well covered in this work.

Equinox is how the author himself emphasized a naturalistic work. This is why the description of the people and the environment is so important in this play. My opinion on naturalism is not uniform, some of it I like very much, and some not at all. As much as I love realism and naturalism, I do not like to see people to be completely reduced to animal. Equinox is a drama in which the passion becomes the driving force, we can even say we can see the animal that lies within any man, but what overcomes is humanity. Both body and soul, both are represented in this play. Those who like naturalism in general are quite likely to like this work as well. Although this is not exactly pure naturalism in the sense of Zola, in the sense that the physical and the animistic is stressed, it is still a naturalistic work. However, what you can see is a struggle between the physical and the spiritual. Who says that the response of the body is not sometimes the answer of the soul? Who can say that our instincts are not sometimes right? Among Croatian naturalistic dramas, this one is my favorite. I also think that anyone who otherwise likes Vojnovic will not be disappointed.

What I personally liked most was the ending. I am not going to describe what exactly is because I do not want to spoil the experience for someone, for it is best for the action to be dramatic to the end. I knew about the end before I read it, but I enjoyed it again. I really liked this play and would really like to see it on stage one day. I don't think it is performed very often and that's a shame. When it comes to dramas, it's always nice to have a chance to see them on stage as well. I have the impression that this play could be especially powerful on the stage. Finally, this drama is aptly named. It has something of the beauty of a storm or equinox in it.

Ekvinocijo je odlična naturalistička drama. Kada pisac uspije zaintersirati čitatelja za dramu već je obavio pola posla jer ta motiviranost da saznamo što se događa s likovima uvelike uvećava užitak u samom čitanju. Od samog početka zainteresirala me sudbina likova ove drame. Možda su likovi malo crno-bijeli u konačnici, ali su dobro prikazani i opisani. Hoću reći da su likovi uglavnom ili dobri ili loši, no ipak ne mogu reći da nisu uvjerljivi. Na kraju nekad se život na to i svodi, na dobre i zle ljude. Ljudi nisu možda i nisu crno-bijeli, imaju mana i vrlina, no ipak nekad imam osjećaj da ih se može podijeliti, da su u srži ili dobri ili loši.

Ova drama mi se čini stvarnom, u smislu da mogu lako zamisliti kako se nešto takvo stvarno i dogodilo ili moglo dogoditi, a opet je dovoljno literalna da se može uživati u njenom umjetničkom aspektu. Nije duga, nije je teško za čitati, jednostavno sjedne lako. Kraj i ljudi su pogođeni, jezik prikladan, osjećaj Dalmacije je jako prisutan u atmosferi, u likovima, u svemu. Što reći o temi? Ljubav majke prema djetetu neiscrpna je tema, često prisutna u književnosti,svakako dobro obrađena u ovom djelu.

Ekvinocijo je kako je autor sam isticao naturalističko djelo. Zbog toga je opis sredine ljude i sredine tako važan. Moje mišljenje o naturalizmu nije ujednačeno, neka djela mi se veoma sviđaju, neka nimalo. Koliko god volim realizam i naturalizam, ne vodim da se ljude u potpunosti svede na životinjsko. Ekvinocijo je drama u kojoj strasti se strasti bude, možemo reći čak i životinjsko u čovjeku, ali ono što prevladava je humanost. I čovjek i duša, oboje je predstavljeno. Onome kome se sviđa naturalizam općenito, vjerojatno će se svidjeti i ovo djelo. Mada ovo nije baš čisti Zola naturalizam u smislu da je samo tjelesnost predstavljena, nego kao što sam rekla nekakva borba između tjelesnog i duhovnog. Tko kaže da odgovor tijela nije nekad i odgovor duše, kako naši instinkti nisu ponekad u pravu? Među hrvatskim naturalističkim dramama, ova oluja meni je najdraža. Isto tako mislim da nitko tko inače voli Vojnovića neće ostati razočaran.

Ono što se meni osobno najviše svidjelo je kraj. Neću opisivati što točno jer ne želim nekome pokvariti doživljaj, najbolje je da radnja bude dramatična do kraja. Ja sam otprilike znala kraj prije nego što sam je pročitala, ali opet sam uživala. Jako mi se svidjela i stvarno bi ju htjela jednom pogledati u kazalištu. Čini mi se da se baš i ne izvodi često. Šteta. Kada su drame u pitanju uvijek je lijepo imati ih priliku vidjeti i na sceni. Imam dojam da bi ova drama mogla biti posebno snažna.

Konačno, ova drama je prigodno i nazvana. Ima u njoj nešto od ljepote oluje ili ekvinocija.

[apokalipso · Rating 5 out of 5]

jako kul

[Ivana · Rating 4 out of 5]

Jako mi se svidjela i stvarno bi ju htjela jednom pogledati u kazalištu. Čini mi se da se baš i ne izvodi često. Šteta.

Od samog početka zainteresirala me sudbina likova ove drame. Možda su likovi malo crno-bijeli,ili dobri ili loši, no ipak ne mogu reći da nisu uvjerljivi. Na kraju nekad se život na to i svodi, na dobre i zle ljude. Ljudi nisu možda crno-bijeli, imaju mana i vrlina, no ipak nekad imam osjećaj da ih se može podijeliti, da su u srži ili dobri ili loši. Ova drama mi se čini stvarnom, u smislu da mogu lako zamisliti kako se nešto takvo stvarno i dogodilo ili moglo dogoditi, a opet je dovoljno literalna da se može uživati u njenom umjetničkom aspektu. Nije duga, nije je teško za čitati, jednostavno sjedne lako. Kraj i ljudi su pogođeni, jezik prikladan, osjećaj Dalmacije je jako prisutan u atmosferi, u likovima, u svemu. Što reći o temi? Ljubav majke prema djetetu neiscrpna je tema, često prisutna u književnosti,svakako dobro obrađena u ovom djelu.

Ekvinocijo je kako je autor sam isticao naturalističko djelo. Zbog toga je opis sredine ljude i sredine tako važan. Moje mišljenje o naturalizmu nije ujednačeno, neka djela mi se veoma sviđaju, neka nimalo. Koliko god volim realizam i naturalizam, ne vodim da se ljude u potpunosti svede na životinjsko. Ekvinocijo je drama u kojoj strasti se strasti bude, možemo reći čak i životinjsko u čovjeku, ali ono što prevladava je humanost. I čovjek i duša, oboje je predstavljeno. Onome kome se sviđa naturalizam općenito, vjerojatno će se svidjeti i ovo djelo. Mada ovo nije baš čisti Zola naturalizam u smislu da je samo tjelesnost predstavljena, nego kao što sam rekla nekakva borba između tjelesnog i duhovnog. Tko kaže da odgovor tijela nije nekad i odgovor duše, kako naši instinkti nisu ponekad u pravu? Među hrvatskim naturalističkim dramama, ova oluja meni je najdraža. Isto tako mislim da nitko tko inače voli Vojnovića neće ostati razočaran.

Ono što se meni osobno najviše svidjelo je kraj. Neću opisivati što točno jer ne želim nekome pokvariti doživljaj, najbolje je da radnja bude dramatična do kraja. Ja sam otprilike znala kraj prije nego što sam je pročitala, ali opet sam uživala.

Konačno, ova drama je prigodno i nazvana. Ima u njoj nešto od ljepote oluje ili ekvinocija.

[Marino · Rating 1 out of 5]

radije bi čitao škrabotine na zidovima wc

[Sara · Rating 4 out of 5]

Actually pretty fun.

[Matej · Rating 4 out of 5]

Gagged him ouu

[n · Rating 5 out of 5]

vojnović<33