Le Malaise dans la culture (Littérature et civilisation)

by Sigmund Freud

Le Malaise dans la culture, publié en 1930, est le seul véritable exposé de la conception de la réalité sociale et de la philosophie politique de Freud.Son diagnostic en a troublé plus d’un : la culture s’efforce d’endiguer l’irréductible agressivité humaine sans jamais remporter de victoire décisive. On a voulu y voir la preuve du pessimisme d’un vieil homme rongé par la maladie et rattrapé par l’histoire. Bien au contraire, en leur montrant qu’ils n’ont rien à attendre d’un retour à la « nature », d’une société sans classes ou encore d’un paradis régi par les lois du marché, Freud délivre les hommes de leur dernière chaîne, celle qui les liait à la croyance et à l’espoir, et les fait entrer dans le royaume de la liberté où l’illusion n’a plus cours.Dossier :1. L’analyse profane et la tentation philosophique de la psychanalyse2. L’agression, la mort3. Politique de Freud4. Freud prophète ?5. Une idéologie de la libération ?

286 pages, Kindle Edition

Published September 11, 2019

About the author

Dr. Sigismund Freud (later changed to Sigmund) was a neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, who created an entirely new approach to the understanding of the human personality. He is regarded as one of the most influential—and controversial—minds of the 20th century.

In 1873, Freud began to study medicine at the University of Vienna. After graduating, he worked at the Vienna General Hospital. He collaborated with Josef Breuer in treating hysteria by the recall of painful experiences under hypnosis. In 1885, Freud went to Paris as a student of the neurologist Jean Charcot. On his return to Vienna the following year, Freud set up in private practice, specialising in nervous and brain disorders. The same year he married Martha Bernays, with whom he had six children.

Freud developed the theory that humans have an unconscious in which sexual and aggressive impulses are in perpetual conflict for supremacy with the defences against them. In 1897, he began an intensive analysis of himself. In 1900, his major work 'The Interpretation of Dreams' was published in which Freud analysed dreams in terms of unconscious desires and experiences.

In 1902, Freud was appointed Professor of Neuropathology at the University of Vienna, a post he held until 1938. Although the medical establishment disagreed with many of his theories, a group of pupils and followers began to gather around Freud. In 1910, the International Psychoanalytic Association was founded with Carl Jung, a close associate of Freud's, as the president. Jung later broke with Freud and developed his own theories.

After World War One, Freud spent less time in clinical observation and concentrated on the application of his theories to history, art, literature and anthropology. In 1923, he published 'The Ego and the Id', which suggested a new structural model of the mind, divided into the 'id, the 'ego' and the 'superego'.

In 1933, the Nazis publicly burnt a number of Freud's books. In 1938, shortly after the Nazis annexed Austria, Freud left Vienna for London with his wife and daughter Anna.

Freud had been diagnosed with cancer of the jaw in 1923, and underwent more than 30 operations. He died of cancer on 23 September 1939.

Reviews

[Thibz DM · Rating 3 out of 5]

Intéressant mais entre singe pas tuer singe et humanité, singe vaincra encore. (J’déconne la vie est beaucoup trop belle aujourd’hui, on est vraiment pas mal (pas mal pour dire qu’on est bien, mon bonheur passe bien par le non déplaisir j’suis matrixé))

[𝒮𝒶𝓌𝓈ℯ𝓃 · Rating 2 out of 5]

C’est vraiment un obsédé sexuel qui raconte la même chose pendant des pages et des pages alors qu’une phrase aurait suffi