“reached its second or third or final stage.”10 (Indeed, on November 2, 1947, writer Thomas Mann, a German émigré, said precisely that: “I am painfully familiar with certain political trends, spiritual intolerance, political inquisitions, and declining legal security, and all this in the name of an alleged ‘state of emergency’ … that is how it started in Germany. What followed was fascism and what followed fascism was war.”)11”