Victor Gruen

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Victor Gruen



Victor Gruen, born Viktor David Grünbaum, (July 18, 1903 – February 14, 1980), was an Austrian-born architect best known as a pioneer in the design of shopping malls in the United States. He is also noted for his urban revitalization proposals, described in his writings and applied in master plans such as for Fort Worth, Texas (1955), Kalamazoo, Michigan (1958) and Fresno, California (1965). An advocate of prioritizing pedestrians over cars in urban cores, he was also the designer of the first outdoor pedestrian mall in the United States, the Kalamazoo Mall.

Gruen was born on July 18, 1903, in a middle-class Jewish family in Vienna, Austria. He studied architecture at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts. A committed socialist, from 1926 until 19
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Average rating: 3.78 · 69 ratings · 13 reviews · 42 distinct works
The Heart of Our Cities: Th...

3.95 avg rating — 19 ratings — published 1901 — 6 editions
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Shopping Town: Designing th...

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really liked it 4.00 avg rating — 3 ratings4 editions
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Centers for the urban envir...

it was amazing 5.00 avg rating — 1 rating — published 1997 — 2 editions
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Shopping Towns USA: The Pla...

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liked it 3.00 avg rating — 1 rating — published 1960
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Shopping Town: Memoiren Ein...

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General plan for the centra...

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Die lebenswerte Stadt: Visi...

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Meine alte Schuhschachtel: ...

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Ist Fortschritt ein Verbrec...

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Exploratory Studies, Tri-St...

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