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Jannis Panagiotidis
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“As soon as people strayed from this prestructured path and bypassed at least one of the official gates, the process became more complex from the state’s point of view. On the one hand, there were people from Eastern European countries who managed to leave their home country legally (for instance, on a tourist visa) or illegally and then reported to German diplomatic representations in the West, seeking to immigrate as Germans. When this occurred, the German authorities had to assess the migrants’ eligibility for preferential immigration outside of the official external procedure.”
― The Unchosen Ones: Diaspora, Nation, and Migration in Israel and Germany
― The Unchosen Ones: Diaspora, Nation, and Migration in Israel and Germany
“Like other immigrant nations that had come into being during the nineteenth century, Israel thus erected a “medical border,” which, to an increasing degree, also fulfilled the function of social selection and screened according to criteria of health, fitness, class, and ethnic origin.6 The selective Aliyah regime strove to keep out those deemed a burden on society, the sick and poor—who often were identified with “Oriental” (mizrachi) and, in particular, Moroccan Jewry—and allow entry to those considered useful. These would include young people, agricultural workers, “people with (economic) means,” and those of Ashkenazi middle-class background from the United States or from Eastern Europe.”
― The Unchosen Ones: Diaspora, Nation, and Migration in Israel and Germany
― The Unchosen Ones: Diaspora, Nation, and Migration in Israel and Germany
“Access to this system was doubly coded: a German refugee was entitled to these benefits by virtue of being German by citizenship or ethnicity and being a refugee. According to a contemporary observer, this conditional eligibility for aid was partly modeled on the interwar and postwar international refugee aid programs of the League of Nations and the United Nations, the main difference being that the international criterion of “statelessness” to define a refugee was replaced by the criterion of German citizenship or ethnicity.10 Reception in Germany as a German refugee could thus be defined as co-ethnic asylum.11 The refugee state did not actively seek the immigration of Germans to what remained of Germany. Its institutions, the so-called refugee administration (Flüchtlingsverwaltung), worked instead to accommodate those who had ended up in the territories west of the Oder-Neisse line. In addition, it tried to reduce the number of refugees by promoting the emigration of certain parts of this population, especially farmers who had little chance of being resettled successfully.”
― The Unchosen Ones: Diaspora, Nation, and Migration in Israel and Germany
― The Unchosen Ones: Diaspora, Nation, and Migration in Israel and Germany
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