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Friedrich Nietzsche

Born

in Röcken, Province of Saxony, Prussia, German Confederation

October 15, 1844

Died

August 25, 1900

Genre

Philosophy, Psychology, Art

Influences

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Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German classical scholar, philosopher, and critic of culture, who became one of the most influential of all modern thinkers. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest person to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel in 1869 at the age of 24, but resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life; he completed much of his core writing in the following decade. In 1889, at age 44, he suffered a collapse and afterward a complete loss of his mental faculties, with paralysis and probably vascular dementia. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897 and then with his sister Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German classical scholar, philosopher, and critic of culture, who became one of the most influential of all modern thinkers. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest person to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel in 1869 at the age of 24, but resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life; he completed much of his core writing in the following decade. In 1889, at age 44, he suffered a collapse and afterward a complete loss of his mental faculties, with paralysis and probably vascular dementia. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897 and then with his sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche. Nietzsche died in 1900, after experiencing pneumonia and multiple strokes.
Nietzsche's work spans philosophical polemics, poetry, cultural criticism, and fiction while displaying a fondness for aphorism and irony. Prominent elements of his philosophy include his radical critique of truth in favour of perspectivism; a genealogical critique of religion and Christian morality and a related theory of master–slave morality; the aesthetic affirmation of life in response to both the "death of God" and the profound crisis of nihilism; the notion of Apollonian and Dionysian forces; and a characterisation of the human subject as the expression of competing wills, collectively understood as the will to power. He also developed influential concepts such as the Übermensch and his doctrine of eternal return. In his later work, he became increasingly preoccupied with the creative powers of the individual to overcome cultural and moral mores in pursuit of new values and aesthetic health. His body of work touched a wide range of topics, including art, philology, history, music, religion, tragedy, culture, and science, and drew inspiration from Greek tragedy as well as figures such as Zoroaster, Arthur Schopenhauer, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Richard Wagner, Fyodor Dostoevsky, and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
After his death, Nietzsche's sister Elisabeth became the curator and editor of his manuscripts. She edited his unpublished writings to fit her German ultranationalist ideology, often contradicting or obfuscating Nietzsche's stated opinions, which were explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through her published editions, Nietzsche's work became associated with fascism and Nazism. 20th-century scholars such as Walter Kaufmann, R.J. Hollingdale, and Georges Bataille defended Nietzsche against this interpretation, and corrected editions of his writings were soon made available. Nietzsche's thought enjoyed renewed popularity in the 1960s and his ideas have since had a profound impact on 20th- and early 21st-century thinkers across philosophy—especially in schools of continental philosophy such as existentialism, postmodernism, and post-structuralism—as well as art, literature, music, poetry, politics, and popular culture. ...more

Combine Editions
Friedrich Nietzsche’s books

Average rating: 4.03 · 572,493 ratings · 29,365 reviews · 3,864 distinct works • Similar authors

	Thus Spoke Zarathustra 4.07 avg rating — 182,105 ratings — published 1883 — 4169 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Beyond Good and Evil 4.02 avg rating — 118,912 ratings — published 1886 — 84 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	On the Genealogy of Morals 4.12 avg rating — 37,710 ratings — published 1887 — 850 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	The Anti-Christ 3.88 avg rating — 33,823 ratings — published 1888 — 67 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	The Gay Science: With a Prelude in Rhymes and an Appendix of Songs 4.26 avg rating — 21,255 ratings — published 1882 — 501 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	The Birth of Tragedy 3.97 avg rating — 22,176 ratings — published 1871 — 623 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Ecce Homo by Friedrich Nietzsche, R.J. Hollingdale (Editor), Michael Tanner (Introduction) 3.81 avg rating — 20,784 ratings — published 1908 — 25 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	On the Genealogy of Morals / Ecce Homo by Friedrich Nietzsche, Walter Kaufmann (translator), R.J. Hollingdale (Translator) 4.17 avg rating — 16,096 ratings — published 1887 — 17 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Twilight of the Idols 3.95 avg rating — 15,123 ratings — published 1889 — 125 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	The Will to Power 4.07 avg rating — 11,445 ratings — published 1901 — 210 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars

More books by Friedrich Nietzsche…

Series by Friedrich Nietzsche

Kritische Studienausgabe in 7 Einzelbänden (7 books)
by

Friedrich Nietzsche,

Michel van Nieuwstadt (Translator),

Giorgio Colli (Editor),

Mazzino Montinari (Editor)

4.65 avg rating — 91 ratings

Retired schoolteacher Grace Winters believes the best days of her life are behind her, and even the good old days weren’t that great. Moving...

Polls

Which one is your favorite philosopher?

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Friedrich Nietzsche

100 votes, 9.2%

Albert Camus

73 votes, 6.7%

Karl Marx

56 votes, 5.1%

Soren Kierkegaard

49 votes, 4.5%

Ludwig Wittgenstein

44 votes, 4.0%

Aristotle

40 votes, 3.7%

Immanuel Kant

39 votes, 3.6%

Plato

38 votes, 3.5%

Marcus Aurelius

34 votes, 3.1%

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

32 votes, 2.9%

Gilles Deleuze (write-in)

31 votes, 2.8%

Jean-Paul Sartre

29 votes, 2.7%

cumdump (write-in)

29 votes, 2.7%

Thomas Aquinas

28 votes, 2.6%

Arthur Schopenhauer (write-in)

26 votes, 2.4%

yes (write-in)

25 votes, 2.3%

spinoza (write-in)

24 votes, 2.2%

Fyodor dostoevsky (write-in)

23 votes, 2.1%

Simone de Beauvoir

22 votes, 2.0%

René Descartes

20 votes, 1.8%

Augustine of Hippo

18 votes, 1.6%

Socrates (write-in)

17 votes, 1.6%

David Hume

16 votes, 1.5%

Martin Heidegger

16 votes, 1.5%

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16 votes, 1.5%

Jordan Peterson (write-in)

15 votes, 1.4%

Jesus (write-in)

14 votes, 1.3%

Hannah Arendt

13 votes, 1.2%

José Ortega y Gasset

11 votes, 1.0%

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11 votes, 1.0%

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9 votes, 0.8%

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9 votes, 0.8%

Carl Jung (write-in)

9 votes, 0.8%

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8 votes, 0.7%

Julius Evola (write-in)

8 votes, 0.7%

Simone Weil (write-in)

8 votes, 0.7%

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8 votes, 0.7%

Gilbert Keith Chesterton

7 votes, 0.6%

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7 votes, 0.6%

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6 votes, 0.5%

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6 votes, 0.5%

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6 votes, 0.5%

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5 votes, 0.5%

Mário Ferreira dos Santos

5 votes, 0.5%

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5 votes, 0.5%

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4 votes, 0.4%

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4 votes, 0.4%

Ayn Rand (write-in)

4 votes, 0.4%

Kosov (write-in)

3 votes, 0.3%

Serb (write-in)

3 votes, 0.3%

Hypatia

3 votes, 0.3%

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3 votes, 0.3%

Euclid (write-in)

3 votes, 0.3%

Alfred Whitehead (write-in)

3 votes, 0.3%

Judith Butler (write-in)

3 votes, 0.3%

Max Stirner (write-in)

3 votes, 0.3%

Eric Voegelin

2 votes, 0.2%

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2 votes, 0.2%

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2 votes, 0.2%

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2 votes, 0.2%

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2 votes, 0.2%

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2 votes, 0.2%

Alan Watts (write-in)

2 votes, 0.2%

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2 votes, 0.2%

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2 votes, 0.2%

Niccoló Machiavelli

2 votes, 0.2%

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2 votes, 0.2%

immanuel kant (write-in)

2 votes, 0.2%

Seneca (write-in)

2 votes, 0.2%

Michael Oakeshott

1 vote, 0.1%

John Dewey (write-in)

1 vote, 0.1%

Henri Bergson (write-in)

1 vote, 0.1%

George Berkeley (write-in)

1 vote, 0.1%

Heraclitus (write-in)

1 vote, 0.1%

Teilhard de Chardin (write-in)

1 vote, 0.1%

Parmenides (write-in)

1 vote, 0.1%

Democritus (write-in)

1 vote, 0.1%

Rudolf Carnap (write-in)

1 vote, 0.1%

Lucretius (write-in)

1 vote, 0.1%

Paul Preciado (write-in)

1 vote, 0.1%

Diogenes (write-in)

1 vote, 0.1%

my dad :) (write-in)

1 vote, 0.1%

Julius Bahnsen (write-in)

1 vote, 0.1%

Joseph Campbell (write-in)

0 votes, 0.0%

Gottfried Leibniz (write-in)

0 votes, 0.0%

George Santayana (write-in)

0 votes, 0.0%

Voltaire (write-in)

0 votes, 0.0%

Jeremy Bentham (write-in)

0 votes, 0.0%

B. F. Skinner (write-in)

0 votes, 0.0%

Karl Popper (write-in)

0 votes, 0.0%

1091 total votes

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