Mary Jane Smith

“Leininger, 1978, 1984; Watson, 1985, 2008), human–universe–health interrelationships (Parse, 1998, 2014), and “the health or wholeness of human beings as they interact with their environment” (Donaldson & Crowley, 1978, p. 113). Newman et al. (1991) created a parsimonious definition of the focus of nursing that synthesizes the unitary nature of human beings with caring: “Nursing is the study of caring in the human health experience” (p. 3). M. C. Smith’s definition uses similar concepts but shifts the direct object in the sentence: “Nursing is the study of human–environment health and healing through caring” (1994, p. 50). This definition can be stated even more parsimoniously:”
― Mary Jane Smith, Middle Range Theory for Nursing